پێڕستی وەرگرانی خەڵاتی نۆبێل لە فیزیۆلۆژیا یان پزیشکی

خەڵاتی نۆبێل لە فیزیۆلۆژیا یان پزیشکی (بە ئینگلیزی: Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine) یەکێکە لە زنجیرە خەڵاتی نۆبێل کە دەبەخشرێت بە کەسانی شایستە لە بواری پزیشکی یان فیزیۆلۆژیادا بۆ دۆزینەوە و کارەکانیان لەم بوارانەدا.

وەرگرەکان

١٩٠١–١٩٥٠

ساڵ	وەرگر		وڵات	ھۆکار
١٩٠١		Emil Adolf von Behring	ئەڵمانیا	"بەهۆی کارەکانی لەسەر چارەسەری سیرۆم، بەتایبەتی بەکارهێنانی لە دژی نەخۆشی کۆپان، کە بەهۆیەوە ڕێگایەکی نوێی لە بواری زانستی پزیشکیدا کردۆتەوە و بەو هۆیەوە چەکێکی سەرکەوتووی لە دژی نەخۆشی و مردن خستۆتە دەستی پزیشک"
١٩٠٢		Sir Ronald Ross	شانشینی یەکگرتوو	"بۆ کارەکانی لەسەر مالاریا، کە بەهۆیەوە نیشانی داوە کە چۆن دەچێتە ناو زیندەوەران و بەو هۆیەوە بناغەی لێکۆڵینەوەی سەرکەوتووی لەسەر ئەم نەخۆشییە و شێوازەکانی بەرەنگاربوونەوەی داناوە".
١٩٠٣		Niels Ryberg Finsen	دانمارک (دوورگەکانی فارۆ)	"[for] his contribution to the treatment of diseases, especially lupus vulgaris, with concentrated light radiation, whereby he has opened a new avenue for medical science"
١٩٠٤		Ivan Petrovich Pavlov	ڕووسیا	"وەک ڕێزلێنانێک بۆ کارەکانی لەسەر فیزیۆلۆژیای ھەرسکردن، کە لە ڕێگەیەوە زانیاری لەسەر لایەنە ژیانییەکانی بابەتەکە گۆڕاوە و فرەواننتر بووە"
١٩٠٥		Robert Koch	ئەڵمانیا	"for his investigations and discoveries in relation to دەردەباریکە"
١٩٠٦		Camillo Golgi	ئیتالیا	"in recognition of their work on the structure of the کۆئەندامی دەمار"
		Santiago Ramón y Cajal	ئیسپانیا
١٩٠٧		Charles Louis Alphonse Laveran	فەڕەنسا	"in recognition of his work on the role played by زیندەوەرە سەرەتاییەکان in causing diseases"
١٩٠٨		Ilya Ilyich Mechnikov	ڕووسیا	"in recognition of their work on کۆئەندامی بەرگری"
		Paul Ehrlich	ئەڵمانیا
١٩٠٩		Emil Theodor Kocher	سویس	"for his work on the physiology, pathology and surgery of the تیرۆئید"
١٩١٠		Albrecht Kossel	ئەڵمانیا	"in recognition of the contributions to our knowledge of cell chemistry made through his work on پرۆتینs, including the nucleic substances"
١٩١١		Allvar Gullstrand	سوید	"for his work on the dioptrics of the چاوی مرۆڤ"
١٩١٢		Alexis Carrel	فەڕەنسا	"بۆ کارەکانی لەسەر خوێنبەرەکان دزین و چاندنی خوێنبۆری و ئەندامەکان."
١٩١٣		Charles Richet	فەڕەنسا	"[for] his work on anaphylaxis"
١٩١٤		Robert Bárány	نەمسا	"for his work on the physiology and pathology of the vestibular apparatus"
١٩١٥	Not awarded
١٩١٦
١٩١٧
١٩١٨
١٩١٩		Jules Bordet	بەلجیکا	"for his discoveries relating to کۆئەندامی بەرگری"
١٩٢٠		Schack August Steenberg Krogh	دانمارک	"for his discovery of the capillary motor regulating mechanism"
١٩٢١	Not awarded
١٩٢٢		Archibald Vivian Hill	United Kingdom	"بۆ دۆزینەوەی پەیوەندیدار بە بەرهەمهێنانی گەرمی لە ماسوولکە"
		Otto Fritz Meyerhof	ئەڵمانیا	"for his discovery of the fixed relationship between the consumption of ئۆکسجین and the مێتابۆلیزم of lactic acid in the muscle"
١٩٢٣		Frederick Grant Banting	کەنەدا	"بۆ دۆزینەوەی ئەنسۆلین"
		John James Rickard Macleod	کەنەدا
١٩٢٤		Willem Einthoven	ھۆلەند	"for the discovery of the mechanism of the electrocardiogram"
١٩٢٥	Not awarded
١٩٢٦		Johannes Andreas Grib Fibiger	دانمارک	"for his discovery of the Spiroptera carcinoma"
١٩٢٧		Julius Wagner-Jauregg	نەمسا	"for his discovery of the therapeutic value of مالاریا inoculation in the treatment of dementia paralytica"
١٩٢٨		Charles Jules Henri Nicolle	France	"for his work on typhus"
١٩٢٩		Christiaan Eijkman	The Netherlands	"for his discovery of the antineuritic ڤیتامین"
		Sir Frederick Gowland Hopkins	United Kingdom	"for his discovery of the growth-stimulating ڤیتامینs"
١٩٣٠		Karl Landsteiner	نەمسا	"for his discovery of human blood groups"
١٩٣١		Otto Heinrich Warburg	Germany	"for his discovery of the nature and mode of action of the respiratory enzyme"
١٩٣٢		Sir Charles Scott Sherrington	United Kingdom	"for their discoveries regarding the functions of دەمارەخانەs"
		Edgar Douglas Adrian	United Kingdom
١٩٣٣		Thomas Hunt Morgan	ویلایەتە یەکگرتووەکانی ئەمریکا	"for his discoveries concerning the role played by the کرۆمۆسۆم in heredity"
١٩٣٤		George Hoyt Whipple	United States	"for their discoveries concerning جەرگ therapy in cases of anaemia"
		George Richards Minot	United States
		William Parry Murphy	United States
١٩٣٥		Hans Spemann	Germany	"for his discovery of the organizer effect in embryonic development"
١٩٣٦		Sir Henry Hallett Dale	United Kingdom	"for their discoveries relating to chemical transmission of nerve impulses"
		Otto Loewi	Austria
١٩٣٧		Albert Szent-Györgyi von Nagyrapolt	مەجارستان	"for his discoveries in connection with the biological combustion processes, with special reference to vitamin C and the catalysis of fumaric acid"
١٩٣٨		Corneille Jean François Heymans	Belgium	"for the discovery of the role played by the sinus and aortic mechanisms in the regulation of respiration"
١٩٣٩		Gerhard Domagk	Germany	"for the discovery of the دژە زیندەیی effects of prontosil"
١٩٤٠	Not awarded
١٩٤١
١٩٤٢
١٩٤٣		Carl Peter Henrik Dam	Denmark	"for his discovery of vitamin K"
		Edward Adelbert Doisy	United States	"for his discovery of the chemical nature of vitamin K"
١٩٤٤		Joseph Erlanger	United States	"for their discoveries relating to the highly differentiated functions of single nerve fibres"
		Herbert Spencer Gasser	United States
١٩٤٥		Sir Alexander Fleming	United Kingdom	"for the discovery of پێنیسیلین and its curative effect in various infectious diseases"
		Sir Ernst Boris Chain	United Kingdom
		Howard Walter Florey	ئۆسترالیا
١٩٤٦	پەڕگە:Hermann Joseph Muller.jpg	Hermann Joseph Muller	ویلایەتە یەکگرتووەکانی ئەمریکا	"for the discovery of the production of mutations by means of تیشکی ئێکس irradiation"
١٩٤٧		Carl Ferdinand Cori	United States	"for their discovery of the course of the catalytic conversion of glycogen"
		Gerty Theresa Cori, née Radnitz	United States
		Bernardo Alberto Houssay	ئارجەنتین	"for his discovery of the part played by the ھۆرمۆن of the anterior pituitary lobe in the metabolism of گلووکۆز"
١٩٤٨		Paul Hermann Müller	Switzerland	"for his discovery of the high efficiency of DDT as a contact poison against several arthropods"
١٩٤٩		Walter Rudolf Hess	Switzerland	"for his discovery of the functional organization of the interbrain as a coordinator of the activities of the internal organs"
		António Caetano Egas Moniz	پورتوگال	"for his discovery of the therapeutic value of leucotomy (lobotomy) in certain psychoses"
١٩٥٠		Philip Showalter Hench	United States	"for their discoveries relating to the ھۆرمۆنs of the adrenal cortex, their structure and biological effects"
	پەڕگە:Edward Calvin Kendall nobel.jpg	Edward Calvin Kendall	United States
		Tadeusz Reichstein	Switzerland Poland

١٩٥١–٢٠٠٠

Year	Laureate		Country	Rationale
١٩٥١		Max Theiler	ئەفریقای باشوور	"for his discoveries concerning yellow fever and how to combat it"
١٩٥٢		Selman Abraham Waksman	United States	"for his discovery of سترێپتۆمایسین، the first دژە زیندەیی effective against دەردەباریکە"
١٩٥٣		Sir ھانس ئەدۆڵف کریبس	United Kingdom	"for his discovery of the سوڕی کریبس"
		Fritz Albert Lipmann	United States	"for his discovery of co-enzyme A and its importance for intermediary metabolism"
١٩٥٤	پەڕگە:John Franklin Enders nobel.jpg	John Franklin Enders	United States	"for their discovery of the ability of شەپڵەی منداڵان ڤایرووسes to grow in cultures of various types of tissue"
		Frederick Chapman Robbins	United States
	پەڕگە:Thomas Huckle Weller.jpg	Thomas Huckle Weller	United States
١٩٥٥		Axel Hugo Theodor Theorell	Sweden	"for his discoveries concerning the nature and mode of action of oxidation enzymes"
١٩٥٦		André Frédéric Cournand	United States	"for their discoveries concerning heart catheterization and pathological changes in the کۆئەندامی سووڕان"
		Werner Forssmann	ئاڵمانیای ڕۆژاوا
		Dickinson W. Richards	United States
١٩٥٧		Daniel Bovet	ئیتالیا	"for his discoveries relating to synthetic compounds that inhibit the action of certain body substances, and especially their action on the vascular system and the skeletal muscles"
١٩٥٨	پەڕگە:George Wells Beadle.jpg	George Wells Beadle	United States	"for their discovery that genes act by regulating definite chemical events"
	پەڕگە:Edward Lawrie Tatum nobel.jpg	Edward Lawrie Tatum	United States
		Joshua Lederberg	United States	"for his discoveries concerning genetic recombination and the organization of the genetic material of بەکتریا"
١٩٥٩		Arthur Kornberg	United States	"for their discovery of the mechanisms in the biological synthesis of ئار ئێن ئەی and دی ئێن ئەی"
	پەڕگە:Severo Ochoa nobel.jpg	Severo Ochoa	Spain United States
١٩٦٠		Sir Frank Macfarlane Burnet	Australia	"for discovery of acquired immunological tolerance"
		Sir Peter Brian Medawar	Brazil United Kingdom
١٩٦١		Georg von Békésy	United States	"for his discoveries of the physical mechanism of stimulation within the cochlea"
١٩٦٢		Francis Harry Compton Crick	United Kingdom	"for their discoveries concerning the molecular structure of nucleic acids and its significance for information transfer in living material"
		James Dewey Watson	United States
		Maurice Hugh Frederick Wilkins	نیوزیلاند United Kingdom
١٩٦٣		Sir John Carew Eccles	Australia	"for their discoveries concerning the ionic mechanisms involved in excitation and inhibition in the peripheral and central portions of the دەمار cell membrane"
		Sir Alan Lloyd Hodgkin	United Kingdom
		Sir Andrew Fielding Huxley	United Kingdom
١٩٦٤		Konrad Bloch	United States	"for their discoveries concerning the mechanism and regulation of the کۆلیستڕۆڵ and ترشەکانی چەوری مێتابۆلیزم"
		Feodor Lynen	Federal Republic of Germany
١٩٦٥		François Jacob	France	"for their discoveries concerning genetic control of enzyme and virus synthesis"
		André Lwoff	France
		Jacques Monod	France
١٩٦٦		Peyton Rous	United States	"for his discovery of tumour-inducing ڤایرووسes"
	پەڕگە:Charles Brenton Huggins nobel.jpg	Charles Brenton Huggins	United States	"for his discoveries concerning hormonal treatment of prostatic cancer"
١٩٦٧		Ragnar Granit	Finland/Sweden	"for their discoveries concerning the primary physiological and chemical visual processes in the چاوی مرۆڤ"
		Haldan Keffer Hartline	United States
		George Wald	United States
١٩٦٨	پەڕگە:Robert W. Holley nobel.jpg	Robert W. Holley	United States	"for their interpretation of the genetic code and its function in protein synthesis"
	پەڕگە:Har Gobind Khorana nobel.jpg	Har Gobind Khorana	India
		Marshall W. Nirenberg	United States
١٩٦٩		Max Delbrück	United States	"for their discoveries concerning the replication mechanism and the genetic structure of ڤایرووسes"
		Alfred D. Hershey	United States
		Salvador E. Luria	Italy United States
١٩٧٠		Julius Axelrod	United States	"for their discoveries concerning the humoral transmittors in the nerve terminals and the mechanism for their storage, release and inactivation"
		Ulf von Euler	Sweden
		Sir Bernard Katz	United Kingdom
١٩٧١		Earl W. Sutherland, Jr.	United States	"for his discoveries concerning the mechanisms of the action of ھۆرمۆنs"
١٩٧٢		Gerald M. Edelman	United States	"for their discoveries concerning the chemical structure of antibodies"
		Rodney R. Porter	United Kingdom
١٩٧٣		Karl von Frisch	Federal Republic of Germany	"for their discoveries concerning organization and elicitation of individual and social behaviour patterns"
		Konrad Lorenz	Austria
		Nikolaas Tinbergen	United Kingdom
١٩٧٤		Albert Claude	بەلجیکا	"for their discoveries concerning the ئەندامۆچکە"
		Christian de Duve	Belgium
		George E. Palade	Romania
١٩٧٥		David Baltimore	United States	"for their discoveries concerning the interaction between ڤایرووسes and the genetic material of the cell"
		Renato Dulbecco	Italy United States
		Howard Martin Temin	United States
١٩٧٦		Baruch S. Blumberg	United States	"for their discoveries concerning new mechanisms for the origin and dissemination of infectious diseases"
		D. Carleton Gajdusek	United States
١٩٧٧		Roger Guillemin	United States	"for their discoveries concerning the peptide hormone production of the مێشک"
		Andrew V. Schally	United States
		Rosalyn Yalow	United States	"for the development of radioimmunoassays of peptide hormones"
١٩٧٨		Werner Arber	Switzerland	"for the discovery of restriction enzymes and their application to problems of molecular genetics"
		Daniel Nathans	United States
		Hamilton O. Smith	United States
١٩٧٩		Allan M. Cormack	South Africa	"for the development of computer assisted tomography"
		Sir Godfrey N. Hounsfield	United Kingdom
١٩٨٠		Baruj Benacerraf	Venezuela	"for their discoveries concerning genetically determined structures on the cell surface that regulate کۆئەندامی بەرگری"
		Jean Dausset	France
		George D. Snell	United States
١٩٨١		Roger W. Sperry	United States	"for his discoveries concerning the functional specialization of the cerebral hemispheres"
		David H. Hubel	United States	"for their discoveries concerning information processing in the visual system"
		Torsten N. Wiesel	Sweden
١٩٨٢		Sune K. Bergström	Sweden	"for their discoveries concerning prostaglandins and related biologically active substances"
		Bengt I. Samuelsson	Sweden
		Sir John R. Vane	United Kingdom
١٩٨٣		Barbara McClintock	United States	"for her discovery of mobile genetic elements"
١٩٨٤		Niels K. Jerne	Denmark	"for theories concerning the specificity in development and control of the کۆئەندامی بەرگری and the discovery of the principle for production of monoclonal antibodies"
		Georges J.F. Köhler	Federal Republic of Germany
		César Milstein	ئارجەنتین United Kingdom
١٩٨٥		Michael S. Brown	United States	"for their discoveries concerning the regulation of کۆلیستڕۆڵ مێتابۆلیزم"
		Joseph L. Goldstein	United States
١٩٨٦		Stanley Cohen	United States	"for their discoveries of growth factors"
		Rita Levi-Montalcini	Italy United States
١٩٨٧		Susumu Tonegawa	ژاپۆن	"for his discovery of the genetic principle for generation of antibody diversity"
١٩٨٨		Sir James W. Black	United Kingdom	"for their discoveries of important principles for drug treatment"
		Gertrude B. Elion	United States
		George H. Hitchings	United States
١٩٨٩		J. Michael Bishop	United States	"for their discovery of the cellular origin of retroviral oncogenes"
		Harold E. Varmus	United States
١٩٩٠		Joseph E. Murray	United States	"for their discoveries concerning organ and cell transplantation in the treatment of human disease"
		E. Donnall Thomas	United States
١٩٩١		Erwin Neher	Federal Republic of Germany	"for their discoveries concerning the function of single ion channels in cells"
		Bert Sakmann	Federal Republic of Germany
١٩٩٢		Edmond H. Fischer	Switzerland United States	"for their discoveries concerning reversible پرۆتین phosphorylation as a biological regulatory mechanism"
		Edwin G. Krebs	United States
١٩٩٣		Sir Richard J. Roberts	United Kingdom	"for their discoveries of split genes"
		Phillip A. Sharp	United States
١٩٩٤		Alfred G. Gilman	United States	"for their discovery of G-proteins and the role of these proteins in signal transduction in cells"
		Martin Rodbell	United States
١٩٩٥		Edward B. Lewis	United States	"for their discoveries concerning the genetic control of early embryonic development"
		Christiane Nüsslein-Volhard	Federal Republic of Germany
		Eric F. Wieschaus	United States
١٩٩٦		Peter C. Doherty	Australia	"for their discoveries concerning the specificity of the cell mediated immune defence"
		Rolf M. Zinkernagel	Switzerland
١٩٩٧		Stanley B. Prusiner	United States	"for his discovery of Prions - a new biological principle of infection"
١٩٩٨		Robert F. Furchgott	United States	"for their discoveries concerning nitric oxide as a signalling molecule in the cardiovascular system"
		Louis J. Ignarro	United States
		Ferid Murad	United States
١٩٩٩		Günter Blobel	United States	"for the discovery that پرۆتینs have intrinsic signals that govern their transport and localization in the cell"
٢٠٠٠		Arvid Carlsson	Sweden	"for their discoveries concerning signal transduction in the کۆئەندامی دەمار"
		Paul Greengard	United States
		Eric R. Kandel	United States

٢٠٠١-ئێستا

Year	Laureate		Country	Rationale
٢٠٠١		Leland H. Hartwell	United States	"for their discoveries of key regulators of the cell cycle"
		Sir Tim Hunt	United Kingdom
		Sir Paul M. Nurse	United Kingdom
٢٠٠٢		Sydney Brenner	South Africa	"for their discoveries concerning 'genetic regulation of organ development and programmed cell death'"
		H. Robert Horvitz	United States
		Sir John E. Sulston	United Kingdom
٢٠٠٣		Paul Lauterbur	United States	"for their discoveries concerning magnetic resonance imaging"
		Sir Peter Mansfield	United Kingdom
٢٠٠٤		Richard Axel	United States	"for their discoveries of odorant receptors and the organization of the olfactory system"
		Linda B. Buck	United States
٢٠٠٥		Barry J. Marshall	Australia	"for their discovery of the bacterium Helicobacter pylori and its role in gastritis and peptic ulcer disease"
		J. Robin Warren	Australia
٢٠٠٦		Andrew Z. Fire	United States	"for their discovery of RNA interference - gene silencing by double-stranded RNA"
		Craig C. Mello	United States
٢٠٠٧		Mario R. Capecchi	United States	"for their discoveries of principles for introducing specific gene modifications in mice by the use of embryonic stem cells."
		Sir Martin J. Evans	United Kingdom
		Oliver Smithies	United States
٢٠٠٨		Harald zur Hausen	Germany	"for his discovery of human papilloma viruses causing cervical cancer"
		Françoise Barré-Sinoussi	France	"for their discovery of human immunodeficiency virus"
		Luc Montagnier	France
٢٠٠٩		Elizabeth H. Blackburn	United States Australia	"for the discovery of how کرۆمۆسۆمs are protected by telomeres and the ئەنزیم telomerase"
		Carol W. Greider	United States
		Jack W. Szostak	United States Poland
٢٠١٠		Sir Robert G. Edwards	United Kingdom	"for the development of in vitro fertilization"
٢٠١١
		Bruce A. Beutler	United States	"for their discoveries concerning the activation of innate immunity"
		Jules A. Hoffmann	France
		Ralph M. Steinman	Canada United States	"for his discovery of the dendritic cell and its role in adaptive immunity" (awarded posthumously)
٢٠١٢		Sir John B. Gurdon	United Kingdom	"for the discovery that mature cells can be reprogrammed to become pluripotent"
		Shinya Yamanaka	Japan
٢٠١٣		James E. Rothman	United States	"for their discoveries of machinery regulating ڤێزیکل traffic, a major transport system in our خانە"
		Randy W. Schekman	United States
		Thomas C. Südhof	United States
٢٠١٤		John O'Keefe	ویلایەتە یەکگرتووەکان شانشینی یەکگرتوو	"for their discoveries of cells that constitute a positioning system in the brain"
		May-Britt Moser	نەرویژ
		Edvard I. Moser	نەرویژ
٢٠١٥		William C. Campbell	ئیرلەند ویلایەتە یەکگرتووەکان	"for their discoveries concerning a novel therapy against infections caused by roundworm parasites"
		Satoshi Ōmura	ژاپۆن
		Tu Youyou	چین	"for her discoveries concerning a novel therapy against malaria"
٢٠١٦		Yoshinori Ohsumi	ژاپۆن	"for his discoveries of mechanisms for autophagy"
٢٠١٧		Jeffrey C. Hall	ویلایەتە یەکگرتووەکان	"for their discoveries of molecular mechanisms controlling the circadian rhythm"
		Michael Rosbash	ویلایەتە یەکگرتووەکان
		Michael W. Young	ویلایەتە یەکگرتووەکان
٢٠١٨		James P. Allison	ویلایەتە یەکگرتووەکان	"for their discovery of cancer therapy by inhibition of negative immune regulation"
		Tasuku Honjo	ژاپۆن
٢٠١٩		William Kaelin Jr.	ویلایەتە یەکگرتووەکان	"for their discoveries of how cells sense and adapt to oxygen availability"
		Peter J. Ratcliffe	شانشینی یەکگرتوو
		Gregg L. Semenza	ویلایەتە یەکگرتووەکان
٢٠٢٠		Harvey J. Alter	ویلایەتە یەکگرتووەکان	"for the discovery of Hepatitis C virus"
		Michael Houghton	شانشینی یەکگرتوو
		Charles M. Rice	ویلایەتە یەکگرتووەکان

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