پێرستی وەرگرانی خەڵاتی نۆبێل لە کیمیا

خەڵاتی نۆبڵ لە کیمیا دەبەخشرێت لەلایەن ئەکادیمیای سویدی بۆ زانست بەو زانایانەی کە داھێنان و دۆزینەوەکیان ھەبێت لە بواری کیمیادا.

وەرگرەکان

ساڵ	وەرگر		وڵات	ھۆکاری وەرگرتن
١٩٠١		Jacobus Henricus van 't Hoff	the Netherlands	"[for his] discovery of the laws of chemical dynamics and پەستانی دەڵاندن in solutions"
١٩٠٢		ھێرمان ئێمیل فیشەر	ئەڵمانیا	"[for] his work on شەکر and پیورین syntheses"
١٩٠٣		Svante August Arrhenius	Sweden	"[for] his electrolytic theory of لێکھەڵوەشان (کیمیا)"
١٩٠٤		Sir William Ramsay	United Kingdom	"[for his] discovery of the inert gaseous elements in air, and his determination of their place in the periodic system"
١٩٠٥		Johann Friedrich Wilhelm Adolf von Baeyer	ئەڵمانیا	"[for] the advancement of organic chemistry and the chemical industry, through his work on organic dyes and hydroaromatic compounds"
١٩٠٦		Henri Moissan	فەڕەنسا	"[for his] investigation and isolation of the element فلۆر، and for [the] electric furnace called after him"
١٩٠٧		Eduard Buchner	ئەڵمانیا	"for his biochemical researches and his discovery of cell-free fermentation"
١٩٠٨		ئێرنست ڕەدەرفۆرد	United Kingdom New Zealand	"for his investigations into the disintegration of the elements, and the chemistry of تیشکەچالاکی"
١٩٠٩		Wilhelm Ostwald	ئەڵمانیا	"[for] his work on ھاندان and for his investigations into the fundamental principles governing chemical equilibria and rates of reaction"
١٩١٠		Otto Wallach	ئەڵمانیا	"[for] his services to organic chemistry and the chemical industry by his pioneer work in the field of alicyclic compounds"
١٩١١		ماری کوری	Poland/فەڕەنسا	"[for] the discovery of the elements ڕادیۆم and پۆلۆنیۆم، by the isolation of radium and the study of the nature and compounds of this remarkable element"
١٩١٢		Victor Grignard	فەڕەنسا	"for the discovery of the [...] Grignard reagent"
		Paul Sabatier	فەڕەنسا	"for his method of hydrogenating organic compounds in the presence of finely disintegrated metals"
١٩١٣		Alfred Werner	Switzerland	"[for] his work on the linkage of atoms in molecules [...] especially in inorganic chemistry"
١٩١٤		Theodore William Richards	United States	"[for] his accurate determinations of the atomic weight of a large number of chemical elements"
١٩١٥		Richard Martin Willstätter	ئەڵمانیا	"for his researches on plant pigments, especially chlorophyll"
١٩١٦	Not awarded
١٩١٧
١٩١٨		Fritz Haber	ئەڵمانیا	"for the synthesis of ammonia from its elements"
١٩١٩	Not awarded
١٩٢٠		Walther Hermann Nernst	ئەڵمانیا	"[for] his work in thermochemistry"
١٩٢١		Frederick Soddy	United Kingdom	"for his contributions to our knowledge of the chemistry of radioactive substances, and his investigations into the origin and nature of isotopes"
١٩٢٢		Francis William Aston	United Kingdom	"for his discovery, by means of his mass spectrograph, of isotopes, in a large number of non-radioactive elements, and for his enunciation of the whole-number rule"
١٩٢٣		Fritz Pregl	نەمسا	"for his invention of the method of micro-analysis of organic substances"
١٩٢٤	Not awarded
١٩٢٥		Richard Adolf Zsigmondy	ئەڵمانیا / Hungary	"for his demonstration of the heterogeneous nature of مڵ solutions and for the methods he used"
١٩٢٦		The (Theodor) Svedberg	Sweden	"for his work on disperse systems"
١٩٢٧		Heinrich Otto Wieland	ئەڵمانیا	"for his investigations of the constitution of the bile acids and related substances"
١٩٢٨		Adolf Otto Reinhold Windaus	ئەڵمانیا	"[for] his research into the constitution of the sterols and their connection with the ڤیتامینs"
١٩٢٩		Arthur Harden	United Kingdom	"for their investigations on the fermentation of sugar and fermentative enzymes"
		Hans Karl August Simon von Euler-Chelpin	Sweden
١٩٣٠		Hans Fischer	ئەڵمانیا	"for his researches into the constitution of ھیم and chlorophyll and especially for his synthesis of haemin"
١٩٣١		Carl Bosch	ئەڵمانیا	"[for] their contributions to the invention and development of chemical high pressure methods"
		Friedrich Bergius	ئەڵمانیا
١٩٣٢		Irving Langmuir	United States	"for his discoveries and investigations in surface chemistry"
١٩٣٣	Not awarded
١٩٣٤		Harold Clayton Urey	United States	"for his discovery of heavy hydrogen"
١٩٣٥		Frédéric Joliot	فەڕەنسا	"[for] their synthesis of new radioactive elements"
		Irène Joliot-Curie	فەڕەنسا
١٩٣٦		Petrus (Peter) Josephus Wilhelmus Debye	the Netherlands	"[for his work on] molecular structure through his investigations on dipole moments and the diffraction of X-rays and electrons in gases"
١٩٣٧		Walter Norman Haworth	United Kingdom	"for his investigations on carbohydrates and vitamin C"
		Paul Karrer	Switzerland	"for his investigations on carotenoids, flavins and vitamins A and B2"
١٩٣٨		Richard Kuhn	ئەڵمانیا	"for his work on carotenoids and ڤیتامینs"
١٩٣٩		Adolf Friedrich Johann Butenandt	ئەڵمانیا	"for his work on sex hormones"
		Leopold Ruzicka	Switzerland	"for his work on polymethylenes and higher terpenes"
١٩٤٠	Not awarded
١٩٤١
١٩٤٢
١٩٤٣		George de Hevesy	ئەڵمانیا	"for his work on the use of isotopes as tracers in the study of chemical processes"
١٩٤٤		Otto Hahn	ئەڵمانیا	"for his discovery of the ناوکەکەرتبوون of heavy nuclei"
١٩٤٥		Artturi Ilmari Virtanen	Finland	"for his research and inventions in agricultural and nutrition chemistry, especially for his fodder preservation method"
١٩٤٦		James Batcheller Sumner	United States	"for his discovery that ئەنزیمs can be crystallized"
		John Howard Northrop	United States	"for their preparation of enzymes and ڤایرووس in a pure form"
		Wendell Meredith Stanley	United States
١٩٤٧		Sir Robert Robinson	United Kingdom	"for his investigations on plant products of biological importance, especially the alkaloids"
١٩٤٨		Arne Wilhelm Kaurin Tiselius	Sweden	"for his research on electrophoresis and adsorption analysis, especially for his discoveries concerning the complex nature of the serum proteins"
١٩٤٩	پەڕگە:William Giauque Nobel.jpg	William Francis Giauque	United States	"for his contributions in the field of chemical thermodynamics, particularly concerning the behaviour of substances at extremely low temperatures"
١٩٥٠		Otto Paul Hermann Diels	Federal Republic of ئەڵمانیا	"for their discovery and development of the diene synthesis"
		Kurt Alder	Federal Republic of ئەڵمانیا
١٩٥١		Edwin Mattison McMillan	United States	"for their discoveries in the chemistry of transuranium elements"
		Glenn Theodore Seaborg	United States
١٩٥٢		Archer John Porter Martin	United Kingdom	"for their invention of partition chromatography"
		Richard Laurence Millington Synge	United Kingdom
١٩٥٣		Hermann Staudinger	Federal Republic of ئەڵمانیا	"for his discoveries in the field of macromolecular chemistry"
١٩٥٤		Linus Carl Pauling	United States	"for his research into the nature of the chemical bond and its application to the elucidation of the structure of complex substances"
١٩٥٥		Vincent du Vigneaud	United States	"for his work on biochemically important sulphur compounds, especially for the first synthesis of a polypeptide hormone"
١٩٥٦		Sir Cyril Norman Hinshelwood	United Kingdom	"for their researches into the ڕێبازی کاردانەوەs"
		Nikolay Nikolaevich Semenov	یەکێتیی سۆڤیەت
١٩٥٧		Lord (Alexander R.) Todd	United Kingdom	"for his work on نیوکلیۆتایدs and nucleotide co-enzymes"
١٩٥٨		Frederick Sanger	United Kingdom	"for his work on ئەنسۆلین، especially that of insulin"
١٩٥٩		Jaroslav Heyrovský	چێکۆسلۆڤاکیا	"for his discovery and development of the polarographic methods of analysis"
١٩٦٠	پەڕگە:Willard Libby.jpg	Willard Frank Libby	United States	"for his method to use carbon-14 for age determination in archaeology, geology, geophysics, and other branches of science"
١٩٦١		Melvin Calvin	United States	"for his research on the carbon dioxide assimilation in plants"
١٩٦٢		Max Ferdinand Perutz	United Kingdom	"for their studies of the structures of globular proteins"
		John Cowdery Kendrew	United Kingdom
١٩٦٣		Karl Ziegler	Federal Republic of ئەڵمانیا	"for their discoveries in the field of the chemistry and technology of high polymers"
		Giulio Natta	Italy
١٩٦٤	پەڕگە:Dorothy Hodgkin Nobel.jpg	Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin	United Kingdom	"for her determinations by X-ray techniques of the structures of important biochemical substances"
١٩٦٥		Robert Burns Woodward	United States	"for his outstanding achievements in the art of organic synthesis"
١٩٦٦		Robert S. Mulliken	United States	"for his fundamental work concerning chemical bonds and the electronic structure of molecules by the molecular orbital method"
١٩٦٧		Manfred Eigen	Federal Republic of ئەڵمانیا	"for their studies of extremely fast chemical reactions, effected by disturbing the equilibrium by means of very short pulses of energy"
		Ronald George Wreyford Norrish	United Kingdom
		George Porter	United Kingdom
١٩٦٨		Lars Onsager	United States	"for the discovery of the reciprocal relations bearing his name, which are fundamental for the thermodynamics of irreversible processes"
١٩٦٩		Derek H. R. Barton	United Kingdom	"for their contributions to the development of the concept of conformation and its application in chemistry"
		Odd Hassel	Norway
١٩٧٠		Luis F. Leloir	ئارجەنتین	"for his discovery of sugar nucleotides and their role in the biosynthesis of carbohydrates"
١٩٧١		Gerhard Herzberg	Canada	"for his contributions to the knowledge of electronic structure and geometry of molecules, particularly free radicals"
١٩٧٢		Christian B. Anfinsen	United States	"for his work on ribonuclease, especially concerning the connection between the amino acid sequence and the biologically active conformation"
		Stanford Moore	United States	"for their contribution to the understanding of the connection between chemical structure and catalytic activity of the active centre of the ribonuclease molecule"
		William H. Stein	United States
١٩٧٣		Ernst Otto Fischer	Federal Republic of ئەڵمانیا	"for their pioneering work, performed independently, on the chemistry of the organometallic, so called sandwich compounds"
		Geoffrey Wilkinson	United Kingdom
١٩٧٤		Paul J. Flory	United States	"for his fundamental work, both theoretical and experimental, in the physical chemistry of پۆلیمەرs"
١٩٧٥		John Warcup Cornforth	Australia United Kingdom	"for his work on the stereochemistry of enzyme-catalyzed reactions"
		Vladimir Prelog	Yugoslavia/Switzerland	"for his research into the stereochemistry of organic molecules and reactions"
١٩٧٦		William N. Lipscomb	United States	"for his studies on the structure of boranes illuminating problems of chemical bonding"
١٩٧٧		Ilya Prigogine	Belgium	"for his contributions to non-equilibrium thermodynamics, particularly the theory of dissipative structures"
١٩٧٨		Peter D. Mitchell	United Kingdom	"for his contribution to the understanding of biological energy transfer through the formulation of the chemiosmotic theory"
١٩٧٩		Herbert C. Brown	United States	"for their development of the use of boron- and phosphorus-containing compounds, respectively, into important reagents in organic synthesis"
		Georg Wittig	Federal Republic of ئەڵمانیا
١٩٨٠		Paul Berg	United States	"for his fundamental studies of the biochemistry of nucleic acids, with particular regard to recombinant-DNA"
		Walter Gilbert	United States	"for their contributions concerning the determination of base sequences in nucleic acids"
		Frederick Sanger	United Kingdom
١٩٨١		Kenichi Fukui	Japan	"for their theories, developed independently, concerning the course of chemical reactions"
		Roald Hoffmann	United States
١٩٨٢		Aaron Klug	United Kingdom	"for his development of crystallographic electron microscopy and his structural elucidation of biologically important nucleic acid-protein complexes"
١٩٨٣		Henry Taube	United States	"for his work on the mechanisms of electron transfer reactions, especially in metal complexes"
١٩٨٤		Robert Bruce Merrifield	United States	"for his development of methodology for chemical synthesis on a solid matrix"
١٩٨٥		Herbert A. Hauptman	United States	"for their outstanding achievements in developing direct methods for the determination of crystal structures"
		Jerome Karle	United States
١٩٨٦		Dudley R. Herschbach	United States	"for their contributions concerning the dynamics of chemical elementary processes"
		Yuan T. Lee	United States / تایوان
		John C. Polanyi	Canada / Hungary
١٩٨٧		Donald J. Cram	United States	"for their development and use of molecules with structure-specific interactions of high selectivity"
		Jean-Marie Lehn	فەڕەنسا
		Charles J. Pedersen	United States
١٩٨٨		Johann Deisenhofer	Federal Republic of ئەڵمانیا	"for their determination of the three-dimensional structure of a photosynthetic reaction centre"
		Robert Huber	Federal Republic of ئەڵمانیا
		Hartmut Michel	Federal Republic of ئەڵمانیا
١٩٨٩		Sidney Altman	Canada United States	"for their discovery of catalytic properties of RNA"
		Thomas Cech	United States
١٩٩٠		Elias James Corey	United States	"for his development of the theory and methodology of organic synthesis"
١٩٩١		Richard R. Ernst	Switzerland	"for his contributions to the development of the methodology of high resolution nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy"
١٩٩٢		Rudolph A. Marcus	United States/Canada	"for his contributions to the theory of electron transfer reactions in chemical systems"
١٩٩٣		Kary B. Mullis	United States	"for contributions to the developments of methods within DNA-based chemistry [...] for his invention of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method"
		Michael Smith	Canada	"for contributions to the developments of methods within DNA-based chemistry [...] for his fundamental contributions to the establishment of oligonucleotide-based, site-directed mutagenesis and its development for protein studies"
١٩٩٤		George A. Olah	United States / Hungary	"for his contribution to carbocation chemistry"
١٩٩٥		Paul J. Crutzen	the Netherlands	"for their work in atmospheric chemistry, particularly concerning the formation and decomposition of ozone"
		Mario J. Molina	United States
		F. Sherwood Rowland	United States
١٩٩٦		Robert F. Curl Jr.	United States	"for their discovery of fullerenes"
		Sir Harold W. Kroto	United Kingdom
		Richard E. Smalley	United States
١٩٩٧		Paul D. Boyer	United States	"for their elucidation of the enzymatic mechanism underlying the synthesis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP)"
		John E. Walker	United Kingdom
		Jens C. Skou	Denmark	"for the first discovery of an ion-transporting enzyme, Na+, K+ -ATPase"
١٩٩٨		Walter Kohn	United States	"for his development of the density-functional theory"
		John A. Pople	United Kingdom	"for his development of computational methods in quantum chemistry"
١٩٩٩		ئەحمەد زوەیل	میسر United States	"for his studies of the transition states of chemical reactions using femtosecond spectroscopy"
٢٠٠٠		Alan J. Heeger	United States	"for their discovery and development of conductive polymers"
		Alan G. MacDiarmid	United States New Zealand
		Hideki Shirakawa	Japan
٢٠٠١		William S. Knowles	United States	"for their work on chirally catalysed hydrogenation reactions"
		Ryōji Noyori	Japan
		K. Barry Sharpless	United States	"for his work on chirally catalysed oxidation reactions"
٢٠٠٢		John B. Fenn	United States	"for the development of methods for identification and structure analyses of biological macromolecules [...] for their development of soft desorption ionisation methods for mass spectrometric analyses of biological macromolecules"
		Koichi Tanaka	Japan
		Kurt Wüthrich	Switzerland	"for the development of methods for identification and structure analyses of biological macromolecules [...] for his development of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy for determining the three-dimensional structure of biological macromolecules in solution"
٢٠٠٣		پیتەر ئەگری	United States	"for discoveries concerning channels in cell membranes [...] for the discovery of water channels"
		Roderick MacKinnon	United States	"for discoveries concerning channels in cell membranes [...] for structural and mechanistic studies of ion channels"
٢٠٠٤		Aaron Ciechanover	ئیسرائیل	"for the discovery of ubiquitin-mediated protein degradation"
		Avram Hershko	Israel
		Irwin Rose	United States
٢٠٠٥		Yves Chauvin	فەڕەنسا	"for the development of the metathesis method in organic synthesis"
		Robert H. Grubbs	United States
		Richard R. Schrock	United States
٢٠٠٦		Roger D. Kornberg	United States	"for his studies of the molecular basis of لەبەرگرتنەوە (بۆماوەزانی)"
٢٠٠٧		Gerhard Ertl	ئەڵمانیا	"for his studies of chemical processes on solid surfaces"
٢٠٠٨		Osamu Shimomura	Japan	"for the discovery and development of the green fluorescent protein, GFP"
		Martin Chalfie	United States
		Roger Y. Tsien	United States
٢٠٠٩		Venkatraman Ramakrishnan	United States	"for studies of the structure and function of the ڕایبۆسۆم"
		Thomas A. Steitz	United States
		Ada E. Yonath	Israel
٢٠١٠		Richard F. Heck	United States	"for palladium-catalyzed cross couplings in organic synthesis"
		Ei-ichi Negishi	Japan
		Akira Suzuki	Japan
٢٠١١		Dan Shechtman	Israel	"for the discovery of quasicrystals"
٢٠١٢		Robert Lefkowitz	United States	"for studies of G-protein-coupled receptors"
		Brian Kobilka	United States
٢٠١٣		Martin Karplus	United States نەمسا	"for the development of multiscale models for complex chemical systems"
		Michael Levitt	United States United Kingdom ئیسرائیل
		Arieh Warshel	United States Israel
٢٠١٤		Eric Betzig	ویلایەتە یەکگرتووەکان	"for the development of super-resolved fluorescence microscopy"
		Stefan W. Hell	ئەڵمانیا ڕۆمانیا
		William E. Moerner	ویلایەتە یەکگرتووەکان
٢٠١٥		Tomas Lindahl	سوێد شانشینی یەکگرتوو	"for mechanistic studies of DNA repair"
		Paul L. Modrich	ویلایەتە یەکگرتووەکان
		Aziz Sancar	ویلایەتە یەکگرتووەکان تورکیا
٢٠١٦		Jean-Pierre Sauvage	فەڕەنسا	"for the design and synthesis of molecular machines"
		Fraser Stoddart	شانشینی یەکگرتوو ویلایەتە یەکگرتووەکان
		Ben Feringa	ھۆلەند
٢٠١٧		Jacques Dubochet	سویس	"for developing cryo-electron microscopy for the high-resolution structure determination of biomolecules in solution"
		Joachim Frank	ئەڵمانیا ویلایەتە یەکگرتووەکان
		Richard Henderson	شانشینی یەکگرتوو
٢٠١٨		Frances Arnold	ویلایەتە یەکگرتووەکان	"for the directed evolution of enzymes"
		George Smith	ویلایەتە یەکگرتووەکان	"for the phage display of peptides and antibodies"
		Sir Gregory Winter	شانشینی یەکگرتوو
٢٠١٩		John B. Goodenough	ویلایەتە یەکگرتووەکان	"for the development of lithium ion batteries"
		M. Stanley Whittingham	شانشینی یەکگرتوو ویلایەتە یەکگرتووەکان
		Akira Yoshino	ژاپۆن
٢٠٢٠		Emmanuelle Charpentier	فەڕەنسا ئەڵمانیا	"for the development of a method for genome editing"
		Jennifer Doudna	ویلایەتە یەکگرتووەکان