جۆسۆن

شانشینی جۆسۆن
대조선국 - 大朝鮮國^[١]
	شانشینی جۆسۆن ; 대조선국 - 大朝鮮國
	شانشینی سەربەخۆ; ئەندامی سیستەمی ئیمپیریالێ و چینایەتیی چینی (١٣٩٢ - ١٨٩٥)
ستانداردی شاھانەیی	ھێمای شاھانە
	شوێنی جۆسۆنناوچەی جۆسۆن دوای داگیرکردنی جۆرچنی پاشا سێجۆنگ
پایتەخت	ھانسیۆنگ
زمان(ەکان)	کۆری
ئایین	نیۆ-کۆنفووشیزم (ئاینی فەرمی); بودیزمی کۆری; شامانیزمی کۆری; مەسیحییەت (لە ١٨٨٦ەوە)
حکوومەت	پاشایەتی
	سەرۆک
- ١٣٩٢ - ١٣٩٨	تایجۆ (یەکەم)
- ١٤١٨ - ١٤٥٠	سێجۆنگی مەزن (چوارەم)
- ۱٦۷٤ - ۱۷۲۰	سوکجۆنگ (نۆزدەیەم)
- ١٨٦٣ - ١٨٩٧	گۆجۆنگ (بیست و شەشەم)
	یۆنگجیۆنگ
- ١٣٩٢ - ١٣٩٨	جۆنگ دۆ جۆنگ
- ١٤٣١ - ١٤٤٩	ھوانگ ھی
- ١٥٩٢ - ١٥٩٨	ریۆ سۆنگ رۆنگ
- ١٧٩٣ - ١٨٠١	چێ جێگۆنگ
سەردەم	ماوەی زوویی نوێ
- کودەتای ١٣٨٨	٢٠ی ئایاری ١٣٨٨
- تاجخستنەسەری تایجۆ	١٧ی تەممووزی، ١٣٩٢
- یاسا دەرکردنی ئەلفوبێی کۆری	٩ی تشرینی یەکەمی، ١٤٤٦
- داگیرکاری ژاپۆن	١٥٩٢ - ١٥٩٨
- داگیرکاری مانشوو	١٦٢٧، ١٦٣٦ - ١٦٣٧
- پەیماننامەی ژاپۆن-کۆریا لە ١٨٧٦	٢٧ی شوباتی، ١٨٧٦
- یمپراتۆریەتیی کۆریا	١٢ی تشرینی یەکەم ١٨٩٧
	دانیشتووان
- تێکڕا ١٤٠٠	٥،٧٣٠،٠٠٠
- تیکڕا ١٥٠٠	٩،٠٠٠،٠٠٠
- تێکڕا ١٦٠٠	١١،٠٠٠،٠٠٠
- تێکڕا ١٧٠٠	١٣،٥٠٠،٠٠٠
- تێکڕا ١٨٠٠	١٦،٥٠٠،٠٠٠
دراو	مون (١٦٣٣ - ١٨٩٢); یانگ (١٨٩٢ - ١٨٩٧)
ئەمڕۆکە بەشێکە لە	کۆریای باشوور; کۆریای باکوور

شانشینی جۆسۆن یان جۆسیۆن، جۆسان، چوسان، چۆسۆن، چۆسون (بە ھانگۆل: 대조선국؛ بە ھانجا: 大朝鮮國)، یەکێک بوو لە شانشینە مێژوویەکانی کۆریا، وە دوایین شانشینە دەبێت لەدوای دەستپێکردنی سەردەمی مۆدێرنی کۆریا لە ١٩١٠،^[١١]^[١٢] لەلایەن لی سۆنگگێ دامەزرا، کە بەردەوام بوو بۆ ماوەی پێنج سەدە لە تەممووزی ١٣٩٢ی زایینی تا تشرینی یەکەمی ١٨٩٧ی زایینی. دواتر لە ١٢ی تشرینی یەکەمی ١٨٩٧ شانشینەکە ناوی لێنرا ئیمپڕاتۆریەتی کۆریا.^[١٣]

جۆسۆن لەلایەن پاشا تایجۆ و جیۆنگ دۆ جیۆنەوە دامەزرا.

تێبینییەکان

^ Entered the system in 1392 under the Ming Dynasty and exited in 1895 under the Qing Dynasty, after which the Korean Empire was proclaimed.^[٥]^[٦]^[٧]^[٨]
^ ئێستا سێئول، کۆریای باشوور.

سەرچاوەکان

^ Lee, Jun-gyu (이준규) (2009-07-22). (세상사는 이야기) 왜색에 물든 우리 말-(10) (بە Korean). Newstown. 1392년부터 1910년까지 한반도 전역을 통치하였던 조선(朝鮮)은 일반적으로 조선 왕조(朝鮮王朝)라 칭하였으며, 어보(御寶), 국서(國書) 등에도 대조선국(大朝鮮國)이라는 명칭을 사용하였었다. (translation) Joseon which had ruled from 1392 to 1910 was commonly referred to as the "Joseon dynasty" while "Great Joseon State" was used in the royal seal, national documents, and others.{{cite news}}: ڕاگرتنی شێوازی سەرچاوەی ١: زمانی نەناسراو (بەستەر)^{[بەستەری مردوو]}^{[بەستەری مردووی ھەمیشەیی]}
^ Kim، Djun Kil (May 30, 2014). The History of Korea. ABC-CLIO. p. 125. لە April 21, 2015 ھێنراوە. {{cite book}}: نرخەکانی ڕێکەوت بپشکنە لە: |access-date= و |date= (یارمەتی) "In theory Korea is a tributary, but in practice it is an independent monarchy."
^ Han، Jong-woo (December 4, 2013). Understanding North Korea: Indigenous Perspectives. Lexington Books. p. 2. لە April 21, 2015 ھێنراوە. {{cite book}}: نرخەکانی ڕێکەوت بپشکنە لە: |access-date= و |date= (یارمەتی) "Throughout the Goryeo and Joseon dynasties, independent statehood and unique culture were maintained"
^ Engineers for Korea. Morgan & Claypool Publishers. April 1, 2013. p. 16. لە April 21, 2015 ھێنراوە. {{cite book}}: نرخەکانی ڕێکەوت بپشکنە لە: |access-date= و |date= (یارمەتی) "Joseon would rule the peninsula for 500 years. Although technically independent of the Chinese empire, Joseon also accepted subordination as a tributary"
^ Zhao 2003 [١]، پ. 99، لە پەرتووکەکانی گووگڵ; excerpt, "Historically, China and Korea shared complex and intimate relations, which were symbolized by a hierarchical tributary system. As Chae-Jin Lee points out, ‘Korea’s tributary relations with China began as early as the fifth century, were regularized during the Goryeo dynasty (918–1392), and became fully institutionalized during the Yi dynasty (1392–1910)'."
^ Nahm 1988, p. 94: "Two most significant aspects of Korean history of the early Yi period were the establishment of China's suzerain lordship over Korea and confucianization of the country. Immediately after Yi Sŏng-gye established his dynasty, he sought the approval of the Ming court of China for actions which he had taken, seeking the legitimacy of his own dynasty. But it was one of his sons, T'aejong ... who received the recognition of the Ming court for the new kingdom and its ruling dynasty. With this, Ming China assumed suzerainty over Korea and the Yi dynasty pledged its loyalty to China as her vassal, establishing the Sino-Korean relations based on the principle of sadae ("subservience to big power")". p. 95: "With the establishment of the lord-vassal relationship with China and the adoption of Neo-Confucianism as its state creed, the Yi dynasty brought about a thorough Confucianization of Korea's politics and political structure, social thoughts and institutions, as well as its economic, intellectual, and cultural patterns."
^ Schmid, Andre. (2007) "Tributary relations and the Qing-Chosǒn frontier on Mount Paektu." In Diana Lary (ed.), The Chinese State at the Borders, 126-150. Vancouver: UBC Press, [٢]، پ. 127، لە پەرتووکەکانی گووگڵ: "Chosǒn, a dynasty that had been conquered and coerced into tributary status under the Qing." Also, p. 129: "Korea during the Chosǒn dynasty, more than any other country, gained a reputation as the pre-eminent tributary . . . the Chosǒn court’s dispatch of missions to Beijing—on average more than four times a year and occasionally so frequent as to become an irritant to their less than welcoming hosts—affirmed the centrality of Beijing."
^ Hatada, Smith Jr & Hazard 1969, p.97: "Korea had sent troops into Manchuria as ordered by the Ming [fn.5]". p.97, fn.5: "In the suzerain–vassal relationships of the Chinese system of international relations, one of the duties of a tributary state was to assist its suzerain in military campaigns when requested. Korea was a tributary of the Ming at that time." p.80: "Korea yielded and . . . agreed to break relations with China, to turn over certain princes and high ministers as hostages, to observe suzerain-vassal relations toward the Manchu Ch'ing, and even to send reinforcements to the Ch'ing forces for their attacks on the Ming emperor. However, even after this, Korea's regard for China was strong; she secretly continued her relations with the Ming emperor, used Ming reign titles even after the fall of Ming [fn.6]". p.80, fn.6: "Ordinarily a tributary state in the Chinese system of international relations used for dating the reign titles of the state to whom it paid tribute. Korea, having at that time become a tributary of the Ch'ing dynasty, should have disregarded Ming reign titles, and especially so after the fall of the Ming in 1644."
^ 권태환 신용하 (1977). 조선왕조시대 인구추정에 관한 일시론.
^ ^ئ ^ا ^ب ^پ 이헌창 (1999). 한국경제통사 52쪽.
^ http://encykorea.aks.ac.kr/Contents/Item/E0002014
^ http://encykorea.aks.ac.kr/Contents/Item/E0031947
^ «Medieval and Early Modern History». NATIONAL MUSEUM OF KOREA. لە ڕەسەنەکە لە ٢٩ی تشرینی یەکەمی ٢٠٢١ ئەرشیڤ کراوە. لە ١٦ی تشرینی یەکەمی ٢٠٢١ ھێنراوە.

Keltie، J.S.، ed. (1900). The Statesman's Year Book: Statistical and Historical Annual of the States of the World for the Year 1900. New York: MacMillan.
Dong-no Kim, John B. Duncan, Do-hyung Kim (2006), Reform and Modernity in the Taehan Empire (Yonsei Korean Studies Series No. 2), Seoul: Jimoondang Publishing Company

ئەم مێژوو وتارە کۆلکەیەکە. دەتوانیت بە فراوانکردنی یارمەتیی ویکیپیدیا بدەیت.

[9] Entered the system in 1392 under the Ming Dynasty and exited in 1895 under the Qing Dynasty, after which the Korean Empire was proclaimed.^[٥]^[٦]^[٧]^[٨]

[10] ئێستا سێئول، کۆریای باشوور.

[1] Lee, Jun-gyu (이준규) (2009-07-22). (세상사는 이야기) 왜색에 물든 우리 말-(10) (بە Korean). Newstown. 1392년부터 1910년까지 한반도 전역을 통치하였던 조선(朝鮮)은 일반적으로 조선 왕조(朝鮮王朝)라 칭하였으며, 어보(御寶), 국서(國書) 등에도 대조선국(大朝鮮國)이라는 명칭을 사용하였었다. (translation) Joseon which had ruled from 1392 to 1910 was commonly referred to as the "Joseon dynasty" while "Great Joseon State" was used in the royal seal, national documents, and others.{{cite news}}: ڕاگرتنی شێوازی سەرچاوەی ١: زمانی نەناسراو (بەستەر)^{[بەستەری مردوو]}^{[بەستەری مردووی ھەمیشەیی]}

[2] Kim، Djun Kil (May 30, 2014). The History of Korea. ABC-CLIO. p. 125. لە April 21, 2015 ھێنراوە. {{cite book}}: نرخەکانی ڕێکەوت بپشکنە لە: |access-date= و |date= (یارمەتی) "In theory Korea is a tributary, but in practice it is an independent monarchy."

[3] Han، Jong-woo (December 4, 2013). Understanding North Korea: Indigenous Perspectives. Lexington Books. p. 2. لە April 21, 2015 ھێنراوە. {{cite book}}: نرخەکانی ڕێکەوت بپشکنە لە: |access-date= و |date= (یارمەتی) "Throughout the Goryeo and Joseon dynasties, independent statehood and unique culture were maintained"

[4] Engineers for Korea. Morgan & Claypool Publishers. April 1, 2013. p. 16. لە April 21, 2015 ھێنراوە. {{cite book}}: نرخەکانی ڕێکەوت بپشکنە لە: |access-date= و |date= (یارمەتی) "Joseon would rule the peninsula for 500 years. Although technically independent of the Chinese empire, Joseon also accepted subordination as a tributary"

[5] Zhao 2003 [١]، پ. 99، لە پەرتووکەکانی گووگڵ; excerpt, "Historically, China and Korea shared complex and intimate relations, which were symbolized by a hierarchical tributary system. As Chae-Jin Lee points out, ‘Korea’s tributary relations with China began as early as the fifth century, were regularized during the Goryeo dynasty (918–1392), and became fully institutionalized during the Yi dynasty (1392–1910)'."

[6] Nahm 1988, p. 94: "Two most significant aspects of Korean history of the early Yi period were the establishment of China's suzerain lordship over Korea and confucianization of the country. Immediately after Yi Sŏng-gye established his dynasty, he sought the approval of the Ming court of China for actions which he had taken, seeking the legitimacy of his own dynasty. But it was one of his sons, T'aejong ... who received the recognition of the Ming court for the new kingdom and its ruling dynasty. With this, Ming China assumed suzerainty over Korea and the Yi dynasty pledged its loyalty to China as her vassal, establishing the Sino-Korean relations based on the principle of sadae ("subservience to big power")". p. 95: "With the establishment of the lord-vassal relationship with China and the adoption of Neo-Confucianism as its state creed, the Yi dynasty brought about a thorough Confucianization of Korea's politics and political structure, social thoughts and institutions, as well as its economic, intellectual, and cultural patterns."

[Schmid-7] Schmid, Andre. (2007) "Tributary relations and the Qing-Chosǒn frontier on Mount Paektu." In Diana Lary (ed.), The Chinese State at the Borders, 126-150. Vancouver: UBC Press, [٢]، پ. 127، لە پەرتووکەکانی گووگڵ: "Chosǒn, a dynasty that had been conquered and coerced into tributary status under the Qing." Also, p. 129: "Korea during the Chosǒn dynasty, more than any other country, gained a reputation as the pre-eminent tributary . . . the Chosǒn court’s dispatch of missions to Beijing—on average more than four times a year and occasionally so frequent as to become an irritant to their less than welcoming hosts—affirmed the centrality of Beijing."

[8] Hatada, Smith Jr & Hazard 1969, p.97: "Korea had sent troops into Manchuria as ordered by the Ming [fn.5]". p.97, fn.5: "In the suzerain–vassal relationships of the Chinese system of international relations, one of the duties of a tributary state was to assist its suzerain in military campaigns when requested. Korea was a tributary of the Ming at that time." p.80: "Korea yielded and . . . agreed to break relations with China, to turn over certain princes and high ministers as hostages, to observe suzerain-vassal relations toward the Manchu Ch'ing, and even to send reinforcements to the Ch'ing forces for their attacks on the Ming emperor. However, even after this, Korea's regard for China was strong; she secretly continued her relations with the Ming emperor, used Ming reign titles even after the fall of Ming [fn.6]". p.80, fn.6: "Ordinarily a tributary state in the Chinese system of international relations used for dating the reign titles of the state to whom it paid tribute. Korea, having at that time become a tributary of the Ch'ing dynasty, should have disregarded Ming reign titles, and especially so after the fall of the Ming in 1644."

[조선왕조시대_인구추정에_관한_일시론-11] 권태환 신용하 (1977). 조선왕조시대 인구추정에 관한 일시론.

[한국경제통사-12] ئ ^ا ^ب ^پ 이헌창 (1999). 한국경제통사 52쪽.

[13] ttp://encykorea.aks.ac.kr/Contents/Item/E0002014

[14] ttp://encykorea.aks.ac.kr/Contents/Item/E0031947

[15] «Medieval and Early Modern History». NATIONAL MUSEUM OF KOREA. لە ڕەسەنەکە لە ٢٩ی تشرینی یەکەمی ٢٠٢١ ئەرشیڤ کراوە. لە ١٦ی تشرینی یەکەمی ٢٠٢١ ھێنراوە.

[١]

[٢]

[٣]

[٤]

[N ١]

[N ٢]

[٩]

[١٠]

[١١]

[١٢]

[١٣]

[٥]

[٦]

[٧]

[٨]