ساینتۆلۆژیا

ساینتۆلۆژیا
ساینتۆلۆژیا
لقی	ئایین
دامەزران	٣٠ی نیسانی ١٩٥٢
دامەزرێنەر	L. Ron Hubbard
شوێنی بارەگاکان	Gold Base
وێبگە	https://www.scientology.org/
جێبەجێکار	Scientologist
Standards body	Religious Technology Center
	لە ویکیدراوە دەستکاریی زانیارییەکان بکە

ساینتۆلۆژیا بریتیە لە کۆمەڵێک بیروباوەڕ و پراکتیزەکردنی ئایینی کە لەلایەن نووسەری ئەمریکی ل.رۆن هاباردەوە دامەزراوە، و بە شێوەیەکی جۆراوجۆر وەک کەڵت، بازرگانییەک، یان بزووتنەوەیەکی ئایینی نوێ پێناسە کراوە.^[١٠]

ژمارەی شوێنکەوتوان[دەستکاری]

کەنیسەی ساینتۆلۆژیا دەڵێت ١٣-١٥ ملیۆن کەس بەشێکن لە کڵێسا.^[١١] بەڵام ڕەخنەگران لەگەڵ ئەو ژمارەیەدا ناکۆکن. ئەوان دەڵێن پێدەچێت ڕێکخراوەکە زیاتر لە ١٠٠ ھەزار شوێنکەوتوانی نەبێت،^[١٢] زۆربەیان لە ئەمریکان. دەڵێن لە ساڵی ١٩٦٠دا، ڕەنگە لە ئەمریکا ٥٠ بۆ ١٠٠ ھەزار شوێنکەوتوانی ھەبووبێت لە ساڵانی نەوەدەکاندا، ڕاپرسییەکی نوێنەرایەتی بانگەشەی کردووە کە تەنھا نزیکەی ٤٥ ھەزار شوێنکەوتووی ماونەتەوە.^[١٣] پێدەچیت ئەم ژمارانە کەمێک زیادیان کردبێت، تا ساڵی ۲۰۰٤، کە بە مەزەندە ٥٥ هەزار شوێنکەوتوو ھەبوون.^[١٤]

سەرچاوەکان[دەستکاری]

^ Behar, Richard (May 6, 1991). "The Thriving Cult of Greed and Power". TIME. New York: Time Warner.
^ Kent, Stephen (2001). "Brainwashing Programs in The Family/Children of God and Scientology". In Zablocki, Benjamin; Robbins, Thomas. Misunderstanding Cults: Searching for Objectivity in a Controversial Field. University of Toronto Press. pp. 349–358. ISBN 978-0-8020-4373-3. Archived from the original on December 5, 2020. Retrieved July 3, 2020.
^ Anderson, K.V. (1965). Report of the Board of Enquiry into Scientology (Report). Melbourne: State of Victoria. p. 179. Anderson Report. Retrieved June 30, 2020. "In reality it is a dangerous medical cult"
^ Edge, Peter W. (2006). Religion and law: an introduction. Ashgate Publishing. ISBN 978-0-7546-3048-7. Retrieved July 3, 2020.
^ Hunt, John; de Puig, Luis; Espersen, Ole (February 5, 1992). European Council, Recommendation 1178: Sects and New Religious Movements (Report). Strasbourg: Council of Europe. Retrieved June 30, 2019. "It is a cool, cynical, manipulating business and nothing else."
^ ھەڵەی ژێدەرەکان: تاگی <ref> ھەڵە؛ ھیچ دەقێک بۆ ژێدەری Urban2011 نەدراوە
^ Halupka, Max (September 2014). "The Church of Scientology: Legitimacy through Perception Management". Politics and Religion. Cambridge University Press. 7 (3): 613–630. doi:10.1017/S1755048314000066. S2CID 143524953.
^ Westbrook, Donald A. (August 10, 2018). "The Art of PR War: Scientology, the Media, and Legitimation Strategies for the 21st Century". Studies in Religion/Sciences Religieuses. SAGE Publishing. 47 (3): 373–395. doi:10.1177/0008429818769404. S2CID 149581057.
^ Urban, Hugh B. (2015). New Age, Neopagan, and New Religious Movements: Alternative Spirituality in Contemporary America. Berkeley: University of California Press. p. 144. ISBN 978-0-520-28117-2. Retrieved July 3, 2020.
^ ^[١]^[٢]^[٣]^[٤]^[٥]^[٦]^[٧]^[٨]^[٩]
^ Virginia Linn: Scientology comes to town. In: The Pittsburgh Post-Gazette, 24. Juli 2005. Online Edition
^ Gerald Willms: Scientology: Kulturbeobachtungen jenseits der Devianz, transcript verlag, Bielefeld 2005, page 91 (German)
^ Seymour P. Lachman & Barry Alexander: One Nation Under God: Religion in Contemporary American Society., Harmony Books, New York, NY 1993, page 16.
^ James R. Lewis: New Religion Adherents: An Overview of Anglophone Census and Survey Data. In: Marburg Journal of Religion (2004) 9 (1): 14. (Online edition) 2007-11-11 لە وەیبەک مەشین ئەرشیڤ کراوە.

دەروازەی ئایین

[timecult2-1] Behar, Richard (May 6, 1991). "The Thriving Cult of Greed and Power". TIME. New York: Time Warner.

[2] Kent, Stephen (2001). "Brainwashing Programs in The Family/Children of God and Scientology". In Zablocki, Benjamin; Robbins, Thomas. Misunderstanding Cults: Searching for Objectivity in a Controversial Field. University of Toronto Press. pp. 349–358. ISBN 978-0-8020-4373-3. Archived from the original on December 5, 2020. Retrieved July 3, 2020.

[Anderson1965-3] Anderson, K.V. (1965). Report of the Board of Enquiry into Scientology (Report). Melbourne: State of Victoria. p. 179. Anderson Report. Retrieved June 30, 2020. "In reality it is a dangerous medical cult"

[Edge2006-4] Edge, Peter W. (2006). Religion and law: an introduction. Ashgate Publishing. ISBN 978-0-7546-3048-7. Retrieved July 3, 2020.

[ECRec1178-5] Hunt, John; de Puig, Luis; Espersen, Ole (February 5, 1992). European Council, Recommendation 1178: Sects and New Religious Movements (Report). Strasbourg: Council of Europe. Retrieved June 30, 2019. "It is a cool, cynical, manipulating business and nothing else."

[Urban2011-6] ھەڵەی ژێدەرەکان: تاگی <ref> ھەڵە؛ ھیچ دەقێک بۆ ژێدەری Urban2011 نەدراوە

[Halupka14-7] Halupka, Max (September 2014). "The Church of Scientology: Legitimacy through Perception Management". Politics and Religion. Cambridge University Press. 7 (3): 613–630. doi:10.1017/S1755048314000066. S2CID 143524953.

[Westbrook18-8] Westbrook, Donald A. (August 10, 2018). "The Art of PR War: Scientology, the Media, and Legitimation Strategies for the 21st Century". Studies in Religion/Sciences Religieuses. SAGE Publishing. 47 (3): 373–395. doi:10.1177/0008429818769404. S2CID 149581057.

[urban2015-9] Urban, Hugh B. (2015). New Age, Neopagan, and New Religious Movements: Alternative Spirituality in Contemporary America. Berkeley: University of California Press. p. 144. ISBN 978-0-520-28117-2. Retrieved July 3, 2020.

[Varidef-10] [١]^[٢]^[٣]^[٤]^[٥]^[٦]^[٧]^[٨]^[٩]

[11] Virginia Linn: Scientology comes to town. In: The Pittsburgh Post-Gazette, 24. Juli 2005. Online Edition

[12] Gerald Willms: Scientology: Kulturbeobachtungen jenseits der Devianz, transcript verlag, Bielefeld 2005, page 91 (German)

[13] Seymour P. Lachman & Barry Alexander: One Nation Under God: Religion in Contemporary American Society., Harmony Books, New York, NY 1993, page 16.

[14] James R. Lewis: New Religion Adherents: An Overview of Anglophone Census and Survey Data. In: Marburg Journal of Religion (2004) 9 (1): 14. (Online edition) 2007-11-11 لە وەیبەک مەشین ئەرشیڤ کراوە.

[١٠]

[١١]

[١٢]

[١٣]

[١٤]

[١]

[٢]

[٣]

[٤]

[٥]

[٦]

[٧]

[٨]

[٩]