بیروونی: جیاوازیی نێوان پێداچوونەوەکان

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Al-Bīrūnī, in full Abū al-Rayḥān Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad al-Bīrūnī (born Sept. 4, 973 ce, Khwārezm, Khorāsān [now in Uzbekistan]—died c. 1052, Ghazna [now Ghaznī, Afg.), Muslim astronomer, mathematician, ethnographist, anthropologist, historian, and geographer. Al-Bīrūnī lived during a period of unusual political turmoil in the eastern Islamic world. He served more than six different princes, all of whom were known for their bellicose activities and a good number of whom met their ends in violent deaths. Nevertheless, he managed to become the most original polymath the Islamic world had ever known.
'''ئەبوڕەیحانی بیرونی''' ناسراو بە '''ئەلبیرونی''' ناوی تەواوی ('''ئەبوڕەیحان محەممەد کوڕی ئەحمەد بیرونییە''')، [[گەردوونناس]] و [[بیرکاریزان]] و [[مێژوونووس]] و [[مرۆڤناس]] و [[جوگرافیاناسێکی]] [[فارسی]] [[موسوڵمان]] بوو.<ref>
'''ئەبوڕەیحانی بیرونی''' ناسراو بە '''ئەلبیرونی''' ناوی تەواوی ('''ئەبوڕەیحان محەممەد کوڕی ئەحمەد بیرونییە''')، [[گەردوونناس]] و [[بیرکاریزان]] و [[مێژوونووس]] و [[مرۆڤناس]] و [[جوگرافیاناسێکی]] [[فارسی]] [[موسوڵمان]] بوو.<ref>
* Bosworth, C. E. (1968), “The Political and Dynastic History of the Iranian World (A.D. 1000–1217)”, J.A. Boyle (ed.), Cambridge History of Iran, vol. 5: The Saljuq and Mongol Periods, Cambridge University Press: 1-202. [45]. Excerpt from page 7:"The Iranian scholar al-BIruni says that the Khwarazmian era began when the region was first settled and cultivated, this date being placed in the early 13th-century BC) "
* Bosworth, C. E. (1968), “The Political and Dynastic History of the Iranian World (A.D. 1000–1217)”, J.A. Boyle (ed.), Cambridge History of Iran, vol. 5: The Saljuq and Mongol Periods, Cambridge University Press: 1-202. [45]. Excerpt from page 7:"The Iranian scholar al-BIruni says that the Khwarazmian era began when the region was first settled and cultivated, this date being placed in the early 13th-century BC) "

وەک پێداچوونەوەی ‏٢٢:٢٢، ١٨ی ئابی ٢٠١٥

ئەبوڕەیحان بیرونی
لێدوان=وێنەی بیرونی لەسەر پولی پۆستەی یەکێتی سۆڤیەت لە ساڵی ١٩٧٣.
وێنەی بیرونی لەسەر پولی پۆستەی یەکێتی سۆڤیەت لە ساڵی ١٩٧٣.
لەدایکبوونخۆراسان، (ئۆزبەکستانی ئێستا)
مردنغەزنە (دەوڵەتی غەزنەوی)
نیشتەجێخوارزم
زیارییەکان
دەوڵەتی غەزنەوی
سەردەمسەردەمی زێڕینی ئیسلام
نەتەوەفارس
بواری زانستیفیزیک، مرۆڤناسی، گەردوونناسی، ئەستێرەناسی، مێژوو، بیرکاری، کیمیا، جوگرافیا، پزیشکی، دەروونناسی، فەلسەفە، ئایینناسی
ناسراو بە ھۆیدامەزرێنەری بیری هیندناسی (Indology) و جیۆدیزیادامەزرێنەری بیری هیندناسی (Indology) و جیۆدیزیا
کاریگەر بووە بەMuhammad, Aristotle, Ptolemy, Aryabhata, Brahmagupta, Abū Ḥanīfa Dīnawarī, Rhazes, al-Sijzi, Iranshahri, Abu Nasr Mansur, Avicenna, al-Battani
کاریگەری بووە لەسەرAl-Sijzi, Avicenna, Omar Khayyam, al-Khazini, Zakariya al-Qazwini, Maragha observatory, Islamic science, Islamic philosophy

ئەبوڕەیحانی بیرونی ناسراو بە ئەلبیرونی ناوی تەواوی (ئەبوڕەیحان محەممەد کوڕی ئەحمەد بیرونییەگەردوونناس و بیرکاریزان و مێژوونووس و مرۆڤناس و جوگرافیاناسێکی فارسی موسوڵمان بوو.[١] [٢][٣]









سەرچاوەکان

  1. ^
    • Bosworth, C. E. (1968), “The Political and Dynastic History of the Iranian World (A.D. 1000–1217)”, J.A. Boyle (ed.), Cambridge History of Iran, vol. 5: The Saljuq and Mongol Periods, Cambridge University Press: 1-202. [45]. Excerpt from page 7:"The Iranian scholar al-BIruni says that the Khwarazmian era began when the region was first settled and cultivated, this date being placed in the early 13th-century BC) "
    • Richard Frye: "The contribution of Iranians to Islamic mathematics is overwhelming. ..The name of Abu Raihan Al-Biruni, from Khwarazm, must be mentioned since he was one of the greatest scientists in World History"(R.N. Frye, "The Golden age of Persia", 2000, Phoenix Press. pg 162)
    • M. A. Saleem Khan, "Al-Biruni's discovery of India: an interpretative study", iAcademicBooks, 2001. pg 11: "It is generally accepted that he was Persian by origin, and spoke the Khwarizmian dialect" [١]
    • Rahman, H. U. (1995), A Chronology of Islamic History : 570 - 1000 CE, London: Mansell Publishing, p. 167, ISBN 1-897940-32-7, A Persian by birth, Biruni produced his writings in Arabic, though he knew, besides Persian, no less than four other languages
  2. ^
  3. ^ D.J. Boilot, "Al-Biruni (Beruni), Abu'l Rayhan Muhammad b. Ahmad", in Encyclopaedia of Islam (Leiden), New Ed., vol.1:1236-1238. Excerpt 1: "He was born of an Iranian family in 362/973 (according to al-Ghadanfar, on 3 Dhu'l-Hididja/ 4 September — see E. Sachau, Chronology, xivxvi), in the suburb (birun) of Kath, capital of Khwarizm". Excerpt 2:"was one of the greatest scholars of mediaeval Islam, and certainly the most original and profound. He was equally well versed in the mathematical, astronomic, physical and natural sciences and also distinguished himself as a geographer and historian, chronologist and linguist and as an impartial observer of customs and creeds. He is known as al-Ustdadh, "the Master".