نەتەوەی بێدەوڵەت: جیاوازیی نێوان پێداچوونەوەکان
Aram (لێدوان | بەشدارییەکان) زیادکردنی خشتەیەک (بەپێی داواکاری) |
Aram (لێدوان | بەشدارییەکان) ←Claims of stateless nations and ethnic groups with autonomous status: کردنی بەستەرەکان بە کوردی |
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ھێڵی ٣٢: | ھێڵی ٣٢: | ||
==Claims of stateless nations and ethnic groups with autonomous status== |
==Claims of stateless nations and ethnic groups with autonomous status== |
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{{Original research section|date=October 2020}} |
{{Original research section|date=October 2020}} |
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{{بێلایەنی بەش|date=July 2020}} |
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{{پێڕست فراوان بکە|date=January 2017}} |
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! Homeland{{تێبینی|Proposed or historical homeland desired.}} |
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! Irredentist movement |
! Irredentist movement |
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! Notes |
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|| [[کورد]]<ref name="Political Geography">{{Citation|last1=Quam|first1=Joel|title=Political Geography|date=2020-08-31|url=https://cod.pressbooks.pub/westernworlddailyreadingsgeography/chapter/political-geography/|work=The Western World: Daily Readings on Geography|publisher=College of DuPage Digital Press|language=en|access-date=2021-08-10|last2=Campbell|first2=Scott}}</ref>|| [[File:Flag of Kurdistan.svg|50px|border|center]]|| [[زمانی کوردی]], {{بچووک|(originally)}} [[زمانی عەرەبی]], [[زمانی تورکی|Turkish]], [[زمانی فارسی|Persian]] {{بچووک|(assimilation)}} |
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|[[ |
|[[زمانە ئێرانییەکان]]|| [[ئیسلام]] ([[سوننە|Sunni]], [[شیعە|Shia]], [[عەلەوی|Alevi]]), [[ئایینی زەردەشتی]], [[یارسان]], [[یەزدانێت]]|| 30,000,000–45,000,000<ref>{{Cite web|title=Kurd {{!}} History, Culture, & Language|url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Kurd|access-date=2021-07-21|website=Encyclopedia Britannica|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|title=Road fatalities|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/862382573233|access-date=2021-10-12|website=dx.doi.org|doi=10.1787/862382573233}}</ref>|| Asia || [[تورکیا]], [[ئێران]], [[عێراق]], [[سووریا]] (homeland), [[ئەڵمانیا]] (largest diaspora) || [[کوردستان]]|| [[کوردایەتی]], [[سەربزێوییەکانی کورد لە تورکیا]], [[سەربەخۆییخوازیی کوردان لە ئێران]], [[تێکھەڵچوونی نێوان عێراق و کوردەکان]], and [[شۆڕشی ڕۆژاوای کوردستان]], [[ڕێفراندۆمی سەربەخۆییی باشووری کوردستان (٢٠١٧)]] || Regional autonomy achieved in [[باشووری کوردستان]] and [[خۆبەڕێوەبەریی باکوور و ڕۆژھەڵاتی سووریا]].<ref>{{Citation|last1=Kirişci|first1=Kemal|title=The Kurdish Question and Turkey: An Example of a Trans-state Ethnic Conflict|year=1997|publisher=Rootledge|last2=Winrow|first2=Gareth|author-link=Kemal Kirişci}}</ref> Data rough due to [[Race and ethnicity in censuses|censuses not taking ethnicity]] in homeland countries. |
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| [[Yoruba people]]<ref name="Political Geography" />|| [[File:Oduduwa flag.jpg|50px|border|center]]|| [[ |
| [[Yoruba people]]<ref name="Political Geography" />|| [[File:Oduduwa flag.jpg|50px|border|center]]|| [[زمانی یۆروبا]] |
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|[[Volta–Congo languages|Volta-Congo languages]]|| [[ |
|[[Volta–Congo languages|Volta-Congo languages]]|| [[مەسیحییەت]], [[ئیسلام]], [[Yoruba religion]]|| 35,000,000<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Benue-Congo-languages|title=Benue-Congo languages|website=Encyclopedia Britannica}}</ref><ref>John A. Shoup III, ''Ethnic Groups of Africa and the Middle East: An Encyclopedia'' 2011 p.237</ref>|| Africa || [[نێجیریا]], [[بێنین]] and [[تۆگۆ]], [[گانا]]|| [[Yorubaland]]|| [[Oodua Peoples Congress]]|| |
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|[[Oromo people]]<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors=((Gow, G.)) | journal=International Journal of Cultural Studies | title=Translocations of Affirmation: Mediascapes and Cultural Flows among the Stateless Oromo | volume=7 | issue=3 | pages=301–319 | publisher=SAGE Publications Ltd | date=1 September 2004 | issn=1367-8779 | doi=10.1177/1367877904046304| s2cid=145547845 }} |
|[[Oromo people]]<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors=((Gow, G.)) | journal=International Journal of Cultural Studies | title=Translocations of Affirmation: Mediascapes and Cultural Flows among the Stateless Oromo | volume=7 | issue=3 | pages=301–319 | publisher=SAGE Publications Ltd | date=1 September 2004 | issn=1367-8779 | doi=10.1177/1367877904046304| s2cid=145547845 }} |
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</ref> || [[File:Flag of the Oromo Liberation Front.svg|50px|border|center]]|| [[Oromo language|Oromo]] |
</ref> || [[File:Flag of the Oromo Liberation Front.svg|50px|border|center]]|| [[Oromo language|Oromo]] |
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|[[Cushitic languages]]|| [[ |
|[[Cushitic languages]]|| [[مەسیحی]], [[موسڵمان]], [[Waaqeffanna]] || 35,000,000 || Africa|| [[ئیتیۆپیا]], [[کینیا]] || [[ناوچەی ئۆرۆمیا]] || [[Oromo conflict]]|| |
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|[[Igbo people]]{{Citation needed|date=August 2021|reason=The list is described as a list of nations that "have been described" as stateless nations. A lack of sources means original research.}}|| [[File:Flag of Biafra.svg|50px|border|center]]|| [[ |
|[[Igbo people]]{{Citation needed|date=August 2021|reason=The list is described as a list of nations that "have been described" as stateless nations. A lack of sources means original research.}}|| [[File:Flag of Biafra.svg|50px|border|center]]|| [[زمانی ئیگبۆ|Igbo]], [[زمانی ئینگلیزی|English]] |
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|[[Volta–Congo languages|Volta-Congo languages]]|| [[ |
|[[Volta–Congo languages|Volta-Congo languages]]|| [[مەسیحییەت]] (primarily [[کڵێسای کاتۆلیک]] with significant [[پرۆتێستانت]] minorities), Indigenous beliefs || 30,000,000<ref>James Minahan, ''Encyclopedia of Stateless Nations: Ethnic and National Groups around the World, 2nd Edition: Ethnic and National Groups around the World'' 2016 p.178</ref>|| Africa || [[نێجیریا]] (almost exclusively) || [[Igboland]]|| [[Movement for the Actualization of the Sovereign State of Biafra]], [[Indigenous People of Biafra]]|| Attempted secession from [[نێجیریا]] in 1967 sparked the [[Nigerian Civil war]] |
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|[[Occitan people]] {{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} || [[File:Flag of Occitania (with star).svg|50px|border|center]] || [[Occitan language|Occitan]], [[ |
|[[Occitan people]] {{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} || [[File:Flag of Occitania (with star).svg|50px|border|center]] || [[Occitan language|Occitan]], [[زمانی فەڕەنسی|French]], [[زمانی ئیتالی|Italian]], [[زمانی ئیسپانی|Spanish]] |
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|[[ |
|[[زمانە ڕۆمانسییەکان]]||[[کڵێسای کاتۆلیک]] || 16,000,000 || Europe || [[فەڕەنسا]], [[مۆناکۆ]], [[ئیتالیا]] and [[ئیسپانیا]] ([[Val d'Aran]]) ||[[ئوکسیتانیا]] || [[Occitan nationalism]] ([[Occitan Party]], [[Partit de la Nacion Occitana]], [[Libertat]]) || Seek self-determination, greater autonomy or total secession from [[فەڕەنسا]]. |
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|[[Assamese people]] {{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} || [[File:Flag_of_United_Liberation_Front_of_Asom.svg|50px|border|center]] || [[ |
|[[Assamese people]] {{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} || [[File:Flag_of_United_Liberation_Front_of_Asom.svg|50px|border|center]] || [[زمانی ئاسامی]] || [[Indo-Aryan languages]] || [[ھیندوویزم]] || 15,000,000<ref name="nationalencyklopedin">Mikael Parkvall, "Världens 100 största språk 2007" (The World's 100 Largest Languages in 2007), in ''[[Nationalencyklopedin]]''</ref>|| Asia || [[ھیندستان]] || [[Assam]] || [[Assam separatist movements]], [[United Liberation Front of Assam|ULFA]] [[Insurgency in Northeast India]] || Seeks greater regional autonomy for natives of [[Assam]] or total secession from [[ھیندستان]].<ref>[http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/para/ulfa.htm The United Liberation Front of Asom (ULFA)], the vanguard of national liberation struggle in Assam, was formed on 7th April 1979 to bear the historic responsibility of spearheading the armed democratic struggle with the ultimate aim of establishing an independent socialist sovereign Assam.</ref> |
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|[[ |
|[[ئۆیغوور]] {{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} || [[File:Kokbayraq flag.svg|50px|border|center]] ||[[زمانی ئۆیغووری]] |
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|[[ |
|[[زمانە تورکییەکان]]|| [[ئیسلام|Sunni Islam]] || 15,000,000<ref name="www.uyghuramerican.org">{{Cite web|url=https://uyghuramerican.org/about-uyghurs|title=About Uyghurs | Uyghur American Association|website=uyghuramerican.org}}</ref> || Asia || [[چین]], [[کازاخستان]], [[ئۆزبەکستان]] || [[تورکستانی ڕۆژھەڵات]] (Uyghuristan) || Irredentism is politically fragmented ([[East Turkestan Liberation Organization]], [[East Turkestan independence movement]]) || Limited autonomy in the [[شینجیانگ]]. |
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|[[Palestinians]]<ref>{{Citation|last1=Payind|title=Nation States and Stateless Nations|date=2016|url=https://ohiostate.pressbooks.pub/key2mideast/chapter/nation-states-and-stateless-nations/|work=Keys to Understanding the Middle East|publisher=The Ohio State University|language=en|access-date=2021-08-10|last2=McClimans|first2=Alam and Melinda}}</ref>|| [[File:Flag of Palestine - long triangle.svg|50px|border|center]] || [[ |
|[[Palestinians]]<ref>{{Citation|last1=Payind|title=Nation States and Stateless Nations|date=2016|url=https://ohiostate.pressbooks.pub/key2mideast/chapter/nation-states-and-stateless-nations/|work=Keys to Understanding the Middle East|publisher=The Ohio State University|language=en|access-date=2021-08-10|last2=McClimans|first2=Alam and Melinda}}</ref>|| [[File:Flag of Palestine - long triangle.svg|50px|border|center]] || [[زمانی عەرەبی|Arabic]], [[زمانی عیبری|Hebrew]] |
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|[[ |
|[[زمانە سامییەکان]]|| [[ئیسلام|Sunni Islam]] {{بچووک|(majority)}}, [[مەسیحییەت]] || 5,242,679<ref>{{Cite web|title=State of Palestine Population (2021) - Worldometer|url=https://www.worldometers.info/world-population/state-of-palestine-population/#:~:text=the%20State%20of%20Palestine%202020,year%20according%20to%20UN%20data.|access-date=2021-08-23|website=www.worldometers.info|language=en}}</ref>|| Asia || [[دەوڵەتی فەلەستین]], [[ئوردن]], [[ئیسرائیل]], [[سووریا]], [[لوبنان]] || [[فەلەستین|Palestine]] || [[Palestinian nationalism]] ([[ڕێکخراوی ڕزگاریخوازی فەلەستین]]) || Seek self-determination from occupying powers.{{تێبینی|name=nation-state|Although the Palestinians are the majority in Jordan, the country was not created as a nation state for the Palestinians.<ref>{{cite web |author=Abbas Shiblak |url=https://www.fmreview.org/sites/fmr/files/FMRdownloads/en/palestine/shiblak.pdf |title=Stateless Palestinians |website=FMR }}</ref>}} |
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|[[Sikhs]] |
|[[Sikhs]] |
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|[[File:Flag-of-Khalistan.svg|border|center|50x50px]] |
|[[File:Flag-of-Khalistan.svg|border|center|50x50px]] |
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|[[زمانی پەنجابی]] |
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|[[Punjabi language]] |
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|[[Indo-Aryan languages|Indo‐Aryan languages]] |
|[[Indo-Aryan languages|Indo‐Aryan languages]] |
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|[[ |
|[[سیکیزم]] |
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|30,000,000 |
|30,000,000 |
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|Asia |
|Asia |
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|[[ |
|[[ھیندستان]] |
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|[[ناوچەی پەنجاب]] |
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|[[Punjab]] |
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|[[Khalistan movement|Khalistan Movement]] |
|[[Khalistan movement|Khalistan Movement]] |
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|Seek self-determination, greater autonomy or total secession from [[ |
|Seek self-determination, greater autonomy or total secession from [[ھیندستان]]. |
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|[[Zulu people]] {{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} || [[File:Conjectural flag of Zululand (1884-1897) by Roberto Breschi taken from The South African Flag Book by A.P.Burgers.png|50px|border|center]] || [[ |
|[[Zulu people]] {{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} || [[File:Conjectural flag of Zululand (1884-1897) by Roberto Breschi taken from The South African Flag Book by A.P.Burgers.png|50px|border|center]] || [[زمانی زوولوو]] |
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|[[Volta–Congo languages|Volta-Congo languages]]|| [[ |
|[[Volta–Congo languages|Volta-Congo languages]]|| [[مەسیحییەت]], [[Zulu religion]] || 12,159,000 || Africa || [[ئەفریقای باشوور]], [[لیسۆتۆ]], [[زیمبابوی]], [[ئێسواتینی]] ||[[KwaZulu-Natal]] || [[Inkatha Freedom Party]] || Limited autonomy in the [[KwaZulu-Natal]] region, which maintains a traditional [[List of Zulu kings|Zulu king]]. |
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|[[Kongo people]] {{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} || [[File:Royal banner of Kongo (Afonso I).svg|center|frameless|50x50px]] || [[Kongo language]], [[ |
|[[Kongo people]] {{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} || [[File:Royal banner of Kongo (Afonso I).svg|center|frameless|50x50px]] || [[Kongo language]], [[لینگالا|Lingala]], [[زمانی پورتوگالی|Portuguese]], [[زمانی فەڕەنسی|French]] |
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|[[Volta–Congo languages|Volta-Congo languages]] |
|[[Volta–Congo languages|Volta-Congo languages]] |
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|| [[ |
|| [[مەسیحییەت]] ([[کڵێسای کاتۆلیک]] and [[پرۆتێستانت]]), [[African Traditional Religion]] || 10,000,000 || Africa || [[کۆماری دیموکراتیی کۆنگۆ]], [[کۆماری کۆنگۆ]], [[ئەنگۆلا]] |
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|| [[Kingdom of Kongo|Kongo]] || [[Kongo people#Nationalism|Kongo nationalism]], [[Bundu dia Kongo]] || Historically occupied the independent [[Kingdom of Kongo]]. |
|| [[Kingdom of Kongo|Kongo]] || [[Kongo people#Nationalism|Kongo nationalism]], [[Bundu dia Kongo]] || Historically occupied the independent [[Kingdom of Kongo]]. |
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|[[ |
|[[بەلۆچەکان]] {{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} || [[File:Flag of Balochistan.png|50px|border|center]] || [[زمانی بەلۆچی|Balochi]] |
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|[[ |
|[[زمانە ئێرانییەکان]]|| [[سوننە]]|| 10,000,000<ref>Syed Farooq Hasnat, ''Pakistan'' 2011 p.82</ref> || Asia || '''[[پاکستان]]''', [[ئێران]], [[ئەفغانستان]]{{بچووک|(homeland)}}, [[میرنشینە یەکگرتووە عەرەبییەکان|UAE]] {{بچووک|(diaspora)}}|| [[بەلۆچستان]] || [[Balochistan conflict]], [[Baloch nationalism]] || Seeks total independence from Pakistan. |
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|[[Kabyle people]] {{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} || [[File:Flag-kabyle.svg|50px|border|center]] || [[Kabyle language]], [[Algerian Arabic]] |
|[[Kabyle people]] {{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} || [[File:Flag-kabyle.svg|50px|border|center]] || [[Kabyle language]], [[Algerian Arabic]] |
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|[[ |
|[[زمانی ئەمازیغی]]|| [[ئیسلام]] || 4,000,000<ref name="www.cna-sat.org">{{cite web|url=http://www.cna-sat.org/O1/index.php/the-kabyle-people|title=The Kabyle People|access-date=2 August 2016}}</ref> || Africa || [[جەزائیر]] || [[Kabylie]] || [[Movement for the Autonomy of Kabylie]], [[Provisional Government of Kabylia]] || |
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|[[Ahwazi Arabs]] {{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} || [[File:Flag of Arabistan.svg|50px|border|center]] || [[Arabic languages|Arabic]], [[ |
|[[Ahwazi Arabs]] {{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} || [[File:Flag of Arabistan.svg|50px|border|center]] || [[Arabic languages|Arabic]], [[زمانی فارسی|Persian]] {{بچووک|(assimilation)}} |
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|[[ |
|[[زمانە سامییەکان]]|| [[شیعە]]|| 1,320,000<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ethnologue.com/country/IR/status|title=Iran|website=Ethnologue|access-date=28 December 2018}}</ref> || Asia || [[ئێران]] || [[پارێزگای خووزستان|Al Ahwaz]] || [[Arab separatism in Khuzestan]] [[Democratic Solidarity Party of Ahwaz]] || Ahwazi includes 30 tribes which see themselves as a distinct Arab nation.<ref>James B. Minahan, ''Encyclopedia of Stateless Nations: Ethnic and National Groups around the World, 2nd Edition: Ethnic and National Groups around the World'' 2016 p.13</ref> Seek self-determination, greater autonomy or total secession from [[ئێران]]. |
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|[[Andalusians]] {{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} || [[File:Flag of Andalucía.svg|50px|border|center]] || [[Andalusian Spanish]], [[ |
|[[Andalusians]] {{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} || [[File:Flag of Andalucía.svg|50px|border|center]] || [[Andalusian Spanish]], [[زمانی ئینگلیزی|English]] (in [[گیبرالتار]]) |
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|[[ |
|[[زمانە ڕۆمانسییەکان]] || [[مەسیحییەت]] ([[کڵێسای کاتۆلیک]]) || 9,500,000 || Europe || [[ئیسپانیا]], [[گیبرالتار]] || [[Andalusia]] || [[Andalusian nationalism]] || See also [[Nationalisms and regionalisms of Spain]]. |
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|[[ |
|[[پۆرتۆ ڕیکۆ]]{{Sfn|Duany|2008|p=8|ps=: Public and academic debates about whether Puerto Rico has its own national identity have always been fraught with strong political repercussions because of the Island's colonial relations, first with Spain and now with the United States. For decades, the main conceptual and political paradox in the construction of cultural identities in Puerto Rico has been the growing popularity of cultural nationalism, together with the weakness of the local movement to establish a separate nation-state. Culturally speaking, Puerto Rico now meets most of the objective and subjective characteristics of conventional views of the nation, among them a shared language, territory, and history. The Island also possesses many of the symbolic attributes of a nation, such as a national system of universities, museums, and other cultural institutions; a national tradition in literature and the visual arts; and even a national representation in international sports and beauty contests. Most important, the vast majority of Puerto Ricans imagine themselves as distinct from Americans as well as from other Latin American and Caribbean peoples (Morris 1997).}} || [[File:Flag of Puerto Rico.svg|50px|border|center]] || [[زمانی ئیسپانی|Spanish]], [[زمانی ئینگلیزی|English]] |
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|[[ |
|[[زمانە ڕۆمانسییەکان]]|| [[مەسیحییەت]] (primarily [[کڵێسای کاتۆلیک]]) || 9,000,000 || America || [[ویلایەتە یەکگرتووەکانی ئەمریکا]] || [[پۆرتۆ ڕیکۆ]] || [[Puerto Rican Nationalist Party]], [[Fuerzas Armadas de Liberación Nacional Puertorriqueña]], [[Boricua Popular Army]], [[Puerto Rican Independence Party]] || [[Unincorporated territory of the United States]]. |
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|[[Catalans]]<ref>{{Citation|author-link=Michael Keating (political scientist) |last=Keating |first=Michael |title=Nations Against the State: The New Politics of Nationalism in Quebec, Catalonia and Scotland|publisher=Palgrave |year=2001 |edition=Second}}</ref><ref name="auto3">{{Citation|last=Fiend |first=Julius |title=Stateless Nations: Western European Regional Nationalisms and the Old Nations |publisher=Palgrave |year=2012 }}</ref>|| [[File:Flag of Catalonia.svg|50px|border|center]]|| [[ |
|[[Catalans]]<ref>{{Citation|author-link=Michael Keating (political scientist) |last=Keating |first=Michael |title=Nations Against the State: The New Politics of Nationalism in Quebec, Catalonia and Scotland|publisher=Palgrave |year=2001 |edition=Second}}</ref><ref name="auto3">{{Citation|last=Fiend |first=Julius |title=Stateless Nations: Western European Regional Nationalisms and the Old Nations |publisher=Palgrave |year=2012 }}</ref>|| [[File:Flag of Catalonia.svg|50px|border|center]]|| [[زمانی کەتەلۆنی|Catalan]], [[زمانی ئیسپانی|Spanish]], [[Occitan language|Occitan]], [[زمانی فەڕەنسی|French]], [[زمانی ئیتالی|Italian]] |
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|[[ |
|[[زمانە ڕۆمانسییەکان]]||[[کڵێسای کاتۆلیک]], [[نەزانینخوازی]] || 8,500,000<ref>James Minahan, ''Encyclopedia of the Stateless Nations: Ethnic and National Groups Around the World A-Z'' 2002 p.402</ref> || Europe || [[ئیسپانیا]], [[ئیتالیا]], [[ئەندۆرا]] and [[فەڕەنسا]]||[[Catalan Countries]] || [[Catalan independence|Catalan independence movement]], [[Catalan nationalism]] || See also [[Nationalisms and regionalisms of Spain]]. |
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|[[Québécois (word)|Québécois]]<ref name="auto4">{{Citation|author-link=Michael Keating (political scientist) |last=Keating |first=Michael |title=Nations Against the State: The New Politics of Nationalism in Quebec, Catalonia and Scotland |publisher=Palgrave |year=2001 |edition=Second}}</ref> || [[File:Flag of Quebec.svg|50px|border|center]] || [[ |
|[[Québécois (word)|Québécois]]<ref name="auto4">{{Citation|author-link=Michael Keating (political scientist) |last=Keating |first=Michael |title=Nations Against the State: The New Politics of Nationalism in Quebec, Catalonia and Scotland |publisher=Palgrave |year=2001 |edition=Second}}</ref> || [[File:Flag of Quebec.svg|50px|border|center]] || [[زمانی فەڕەنسی|French]] |
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|[[ |
|[[زمانە ڕۆمانسییەکان]]|| [[مەسیحییەت]] ([[کڵێسای کاتۆلیک]]) || 8,215,000 || America || [[کەنەدا]] || [[کێبێک]] || [[Quebec sovereignty movement]], [[Quebec nationalism]] ||The total population of the Province of Quebec is 8.2 million, of which over 80% are French speakers. |
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|[[ |
|[[خەڵکی مۆن]] {{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} || [[File:Flag of the Mon National Party.svg|50px|border|center]] || [[Mon language]] |
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|[[Monic languages]]|| [[ |
|[[Monic languages]]|| [[بودیزم]] || 8,145,500 || Asia || [[میانمار]], [[تایلەند]] || [[ویلایەتی مۆن]] || [[Mon Nationalism and Civil War in Burma|Mon Nationalism]], [[Mon National Party]], [[All Mon Region Democracy Party]] || Historically occupied the [[Mon kingdoms]] |
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|[[ |
|[[چەرکەس]] |
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{{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} |
{{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} |
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| [[File:Flag of Adygea.svg|50px|border|center]] || [[Circassian language]], [[ |
| [[File:Flag of Adygea.svg|50px|border|center]] || [[Circassian language]], [[زمانی ڕووسی|Russian]] |
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|[[Circassian languages]]||[[ |
|[[Circassian languages]]||[[ئیسلام]] || 5,000,000 || Europe|| [[ڕووسیا]] || [[Circassia]] || [[Russo-Circassian War]], [[Circassian nationalism]] || Majority of the Circassians were destroyed by Russia in the [[Circassian genocide]]<ref name=":02">{{Cite book|last=Richmond|first=Walter|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LHlwZwpA70cC|title=The Circassian Genocide|date=9 April 2013|publisher=Rutgers University Press|isbn=978-0-8135-6069-4}}</ref> |
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|[[Karen people]] {{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} || [[File:Flag of the Karen National Union.svg|50px|border|center]] || [[S'gaw Karen language]] |
|[[Karen people]] {{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} || [[File:Flag of the Karen National Union.svg|50px|border|center]] || [[S'gaw Karen language]] |
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|[[Karenic languages]]|| [[ |
|[[Karenic languages]]|| [[مەسیحییەت]], [[تراڤادا]] || 7,000,000 || Asia || [[میانمار]], [[تایلەند]] || [[Kawthoolei]] || [[Karen conflict|Karen nationalism]], [[Karen National Union]], [[Karen National Liberation Army]] || |
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|[[Maya peoples]] {{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} || [[File:Maya flag.svg|50px|border|center]] || [[Mayan languages]] |
|[[Maya peoples]] {{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} || [[File:Maya flag.svg|50px|border|center]] || [[Mayan languages]] |
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|[[Mayan languages]]|| [[ |
|[[Mayan languages]]|| [[مەسیحییەت]] ([[کڵێسای کاتۆلیک]]), [[Maya religion]] || 7,000,000 || America || [[گواتیمالا]], [[مەکسیک]], [[بەلیز]], [[ھۆندووراس]], [[ئێلسالڤادۆر]] || [[Mesoamerica]] || [[Pan-Maya movement]], [[ڕیگۆبەرتا مەنچو]], [[Zapatista Army of National Liberation]] || Historically occupied the [[شارستانیەتیی مایا]] |
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|[[ |
|[[ڤێنیتۆ]]{{Citation needed|date=August 2021|reason=The list is described as a list of nations that "have been described" as stateless nations. A lack of sources means original research.}}||[[File:Flag of Veneto.svg|50px|border|center]] || [[Venetian language]] |
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|[[ |
|[[زمانە ڕۆمانسییەکان]] || [[کڵێسای کاتۆلیک]] || 5,000,000 (est.) || Europe || [[ئیتالیا]] || [[ڤێنیتۆ]] || [[Venetian nationalism]] || Many groups seek for total independence from Italy, while some just want more autonomy and recognition of Venetian language and people. Historically occupied the independent [[Republic of Venice]]. |
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|[[Tibetan people]] {{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} || [[File:Flag of Tibet.svg|50px|border|center]] || [[Standard Tibetan|Tibetan language]], [[ |
|[[Tibetan people]] {{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} || [[File:Flag of Tibet.svg|50px|border|center]] || [[Standard Tibetan|Tibetan language]], [[زمانی چینی]] |
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| [[ |
| [[زمانەکانی سینۆ-تبیتی]]|| [[بودیزم]] || 7,000,000<ref>James B. Minahan, ''Encyclopedia of Stateless Nations 2nd Edition: Ethnic and National Groups around the World'' 2016 p.422</ref> || Asia || [[چین]], [[ھیندستان]], [[نیپال]] || [[تبت]] || [[Tibetan independence movement]] || Limited autonomy in the [[ھەرێمی ئۆتۆنۆمیی تبت]]. Historically occupied the [[Tibetan Empire]]. |
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|[[Indian Gorkha]]s {{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} || [[File:Flag of Gurkhaland.svg|50px|border|center]] || [[ |
|[[Indian Gorkha]]s {{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} || [[File:Flag of Gurkhaland.svg|50px|border|center]] || [[زمانی نیپاڵی]] |
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| [[Indo-Aryan languages]]|| [[ |
| [[Indo-Aryan languages]]|| [[ھیندوویزم]] || 6,364,759<ref>James B. Minahan, ''Encyclopedia of the Stateless Nations: D-K'' 2002 p.677</ref> || Asia || [[ھیندستان]] || [[Gorkhaland|Gorkhastan]] || [[Gorkha National Liberation Front]], [[Gorkha Janmukti Morcha]] || Gorkhaland is a proposed state in India demanded by the people of the [[Darjeeling district|Darjeeling Hills]] and the people of [[Indian Gorkha|Gorkha]] ethnic origin on the Northern part of [[بەنگالی ڕۆژاوا]]. |
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|[[Riffian people]] {{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} || [[File:Flag of the Republic of the Rif.svg|50px|border|center]] || [[Riffian language]], [[ |
|[[Riffian people]] {{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} || [[File:Flag of the Republic of the Rif.svg|50px|border|center]] || [[Riffian language]], [[زمانی عەرەبی]] |
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| [[ |
| [[زمانە ئەفریقائاسیایییەکان|Afroasiatic]]|| [[ئیسلام]] || 6,000,000<ref>James B. Minahan, ''Encyclopedia of Stateless Nations 2nd Edition: Ethnic and National Groups around the World'' 2016 p.352</ref> || Africa || [[مەغریب]] and [[ئیسپانیا]] || [[Rif]] || [[Rif War]], [[Rif Republic]] || 95% of the land is controlled by [[مەغریب]] with the rest being controlled by the Spanish territories of [[Ceuta]] and [[Melilla]] as autonomous cities. |
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|[[Shan people]] {{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} || [[File:Flag of the Shan State.svg|50px|border|center]] || [[Shan language]], [[ |
|[[Shan people]] {{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} || [[File:Flag of the Shan State.svg|50px|border|center]] || [[Shan language]], [[زمانی تایلەندی|Thai]] |
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| [[Kra–Dai languages|Kra-Dai]]|| [[ |
| [[Kra–Dai languages|Kra-Dai]]|| [[بودیزم]] || 6,000,000 || Asia || [[میانمار]] || [[ویلایەتی شان]] || [[Shan State Army]], Declaration of independence in 2005; see also [[Hso Khan Pha]] || Historically occupied the [[Shan states]]. |
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|[[Kashmiri people]] {{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} || [[File:Kashmir independent.svg|50px|border|center]] || [[ |
|[[Kashmiri people]] {{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} || [[File:Kashmir independent.svg|50px|border|center]] || [[زمانی کەشمیری]] |
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| [[Indo-Aryan languages]]|| [[ |
| [[Indo-Aryan languages]]|| [[ئیسلام]] || 5,600,000 || Asia || [[ھیندستان]], [[پاکستان]] and [[چین]] || [[کەشمیر]] || [[Insurgency in Jammu and Kashmir]] || Administered by India ([[Kashmir Valley]], [[Jammu]], [[Ladakh]]), Pakistan ([[ئازاد کەشمیر]], [[Gilgit-Baltistan]]) and China ([[Aksai Chin]]). |
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| [[Valencians]] {{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} || [[File:Senyera_del_nacionalisme_valencià.svg|50px|border|center]] || [[ |
| [[Valencians]] {{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} || [[File:Senyera_del_nacionalisme_valencià.svg|50px|border|center]] || [[زمانی کەتەلۆنی|Catalan]], [[زمانی ئیسپانی|Spanish]] || [[زمانە ڕۆمانسییەکان]] || [[کڵێسای کاتۆلیک]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.lavanguardia.com/vangdata/20150402/54429637154/interactivo-creencias-y-practicas-religiosas-en-espana.html|title=Interactivo: Creencias y prácticas religiosas en España|website=La Vanguardia|date=2 April 2015|access-date=28 December 2018}}</ref> || 5,111,706 || Europe || [[ئیسپانیا]] ||[[Valencian Community]] || [[Valencian nationalism]] || See also [[Nationalisms and regionalisms of Spain]]. |
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|[[Moro people]] {{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} || [[File:Flag of Bangsamoro.svg|center|50x50px]] || [[Filipino language]], other [[Philippine languages]] |
|[[Moro people]] {{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} || [[File:Flag of Bangsamoro.svg|center|50x50px]] || [[Filipino language]], other [[Philippine languages]] |
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| || [[ |
| || [[ئیسلام]] || 5,100,000 || Asia || [[فلیپین]] || [[Muslim Mindanao]] || Moro [[ئۆتۆنۆمی]] || The Moro people of Muslim Mindanao has since been granted autonomy as the [[Bangsamoro Autonomous Region]] with the adoption of the [[Bangsamoro Organic Law]]. |
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|[[Kuki people|Kuki]]-[[Mizo people|Mizo]]-[[Zo people|Zo]]-[[Chin people|Chin]] people {{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} || [[File:Flag_of_Chin_State.svg|50px|border|center]] || [[Kuki-Chin languages]] |
|[[Kuki people|Kuki]]-[[Mizo people|Mizo]]-[[Zo people|Zo]]-[[Chin people|Chin]] people {{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} || [[File:Flag_of_Chin_State.svg|50px|border|center]] || [[Kuki-Chin languages]] |
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| || [[ |
| || [[مەسیحییەت]] || 5,000,000 || Asia || [[میانمار]], [[بەنگلادێش]], [[ھیندستان]] || [[Mizoram]], [[Zogam]] and [[ویلایەتی چین (میانمار)]] || [[Mizo National Front]], [[Chin National Front]], [[Kuki National Army]], [[Zomi Revolutionary Army]], [[Zomi nationalism]] || [[Kuki people|Kuki]]-[[Mizo people|Mizo]]-[[Zo people|Zo]]-[[Chin people|Chin]] are an ethnic group known by different names and speak different dialects. |
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|[[Scottish people]]<ref name="auto4" /><ref name="auto3" />|| [[File:Flag of Scotland.svg|50px|border|center]] ||[[ |
|[[Scottish people]]<ref name="auto4" /><ref name="auto3" />|| [[File:Flag of Scotland.svg|50px|border|center]] ||[[گادێلیی سکۆتی]], [[Scots language|Scots]], [[Scottish English|English]] |
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|[[Celtic languages]] || [[ |
|[[Celtic languages]] || [[مەسیحییەت]] ([[پرۆتێستانت]], [[کڵێسای کاتۆلیک|Catholic]] minority) || 5,000,000 (only Scotland)<ref>[[Jeffrey Cole]], ''Ethnic Groups of Europe: An Encyclopedia'' 2011 p.235</ref> || Europe || [[شانشینی یەکگرتوو]] || [[سکۆتلاند]] || [[Scottish independence]] || Formerly a [[دەوڵەتی سەروەر]], Regional autonomy in [[سکۆتلاند]]. |
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|[[Sicilians]]<ref>James Minahan, ''Encyclopedia of the Stateless Nations: Ethnic and National Groups Around the World A-Z'' 2002 p.1714</ref> || [[File:Sicilian Flag.svg|50px|border|center]] || [[Sicilian language|Sicilian]], [[ |
|[[Sicilians]]<ref>James Minahan, ''Encyclopedia of the Stateless Nations: Ethnic and National Groups Around the World A-Z'' 2002 p.1714</ref> || [[File:Sicilian Flag.svg|50px|border|center]] || [[Sicilian language|Sicilian]], [[زمانی ئیتالی|Italian]], [[Gallo-Italic of Sicily]], [[Arbëresh]] |
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|[[ |
|[[زمانە ڕۆمانسییەکان]] || [[مەسیحییەت]] ([[کڵێسای کاتۆلیک]]) || 5,000,000 (only Sicily) || Europe || [[ئیتالیا]] || [[سیسیلیا]] || [[Sicilian nationalism]] || Regional autonomy in [[Statute of Sicily|Sicily]]. |
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|[[Hmong people]] {{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} || [[File:Hmong flag.svg|50px|border|center]] || [[Hmong language]] |
|[[Hmong people]] {{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} || [[File:Hmong flag.svg|50px|border|center]] || [[Hmong language]] |
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| || [[ |
| || [[بودیزم]] with native || 4,000,000 || Asia || [[لاوس]], [[چین]], [[ڤیێتنام]] and [[تایلەند]] || [[Hmong ChaoFa Federated State]] || [[Insurgency in Laos]] || |
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|[[ |
|[[خەڵکی ڕۆھینگیا]] {{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} || [[File:Rohingya flag.png|50px|border|center]] || [[Rohingya language]] |
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| || [[ |
| || [[ئیسلام]] || 3,600,000 || Asia || [[میانمار]] || [[Maungdaw District|Rohang State]] || [[Rohingya conflict]] || The Rohingyas are not recognized as a native ethnic group by Burmese government.<ref>Aris Ananta, Evi Nurvidya Arifin, ''International Migration in Southeast Asia'', Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, 2004, p.267</ref> |
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|[[Afrikaners]] {{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} || [[File:Afrikaner_Vryheidsvlag.svg|50px|border|center]] || [[ |
|[[Afrikaners]] {{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} || [[File:Afrikaner_Vryheidsvlag.svg|50px|border|center]] || [[ئەفریقایی]] |
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| || [[ |
| || [[مەسیحییەت]] (mainly [[پرۆتێستانت]])|| 3,500,000 || Africa || [[ئەفریقای باشوور]] and [[نامیبیا]] || [[Volkstaat]] || [[Afrikaner Nationalism]], [[Freedom Front Plus|Freedom Front]] || Afrikaners are an [[گرووپی ڕەگەزی|Ethno-racial group]]. Demand autonomy or total secession from South Africa. |
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|[[ |
|[[ئاشوورییەکان|Assyrians]]<ref>{{Cite web | url=https://unpo.org/members/7859 | title=UNPO: Assyria }}</ref> || [[File:Flag of Assyria.svg|50px|border|center]] || [[Assyrian Neo-Aramaic]], [[Turoyo]], [[Chaldean Neo-Aramaic]] |
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| [[ |
| [[زمانە سامییەکان]]|| [[مەسیحییەت]] ([[کڵێسای کاسۆلیکی کلدانی]] [[Syriac Christianity]]) || 3,300,000<ref name="UNPO:Assyria">{{cite web|url=http://www.unpo.org/article/7859|title=UNPO: Assyria|access-date=2 August 2016}}</ref> || Asia || [[سووریا]], [[عێراق]], [[ئێران]] and [[تورکیا]] || [[Assyrian homeland|Assyria]], [[Beth Nahrain]] ([[مێزۆپۆتامیا]]) || [[Assyrian nationalism]], [[Assyrian independence movement]] || Historically occupied the [[Assyrian empire]]. |
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|[[Basque people]]<ref name="auto3" />|| [[File:Flag of the Basque Country.svg|50px|border|center]] || [[Basque language|Basque]], [[ |
|[[Basque people]]<ref name="auto3" />|| [[File:Flag of the Basque Country.svg|50px|border|center]] || [[Basque language|Basque]], [[زمانی فەڕەنسی|French]], [[زمانی ئیسپانی|Spanish]] |
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| [[Language isolate]]||[[ |
| [[Language isolate]]||[[مەسیحییەت]] ([[کڵێسای کاتۆلیک]]) || 3,000,000<ref>[[Jeffrey Cole]], ''Ethnic Groups of Europe: An Encyclopedia'' 2011 p.38</ref> || Europe || [[فەڕەنسا]] and [[ئیسپانیا]] || [[Basque Country (greater region)|Basque Country]] || [[Basque nationalism]] || See also [[Nationalisms and regionalisms of Spain]]. |
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|[[ |
|[[تورکمانی عێراق|Iraqi Turkmen people]] {{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} || [[File:Flag of Iraq Turkmen FrontVEC.svg|50px|border|center]] || [[زمانی تورکی]], [[زمانی ئازەربایجانی]] |
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| || [[ |
| || [[ئیسلام]] || 3,000,000 || Asia || [[عێراق]] || [[Turkmeneli]] || [[بەرەی تورکمانی عێراق]] || Not to be confused with [[تورکمانی سووریا]] of [[لازقیە]] or Central Asian [[تورکمان]] of [[تورکمانستان]] who share only their ethnonym.<ref>Larry Clark. [https://books.google.com/books?id=RMe7KpwS3KsC&pg=PA11 Turkmen Reference Grammar]. Otto Harrassowitz Verlag, 1998; p. 11. {{ISBN|9783447040198}}</ref> |
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|[[Welsh people]]<ref name="auto3" /> || [[File:Flag of Wales 2.svg|50px|border|center]] ||[[Welsh language|Welsh]], [[Welsh English|English]] |
|[[Welsh people]]<ref name="auto3" /> || [[File:Flag of Wales 2.svg|50px|border|center]] ||[[Welsh language|Welsh]], [[Welsh English|English]] |
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|[[Celtic languages]] || [[ |
|[[Celtic languages]] || [[مەسیحییەت]] ([[پرۆتێستانت]], [[کڵێسای کاتۆلیک|Catholic]] minority) || 3,000,000 || Europe || [[شانشینی یەکگرتوو]] || [[وێڵز]] || [[Welsh independence]], [[Welsh nationalism]], [[Meibion Glyndŵr]], [[Plaid Cymru]] || Regional autonomy in Wales. Historically occupied the independent kingdoms of Wales ([[Gwynedd]], [[Powys]], [[Dyfed]], [[Seisyllwg]], [[Morgannwg]] and [[Kingdom of Gwent|Gwent]]). |
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|[[Galician people]]<ref name="auto3" /> || [[File:Bandeira galega civil.svg|50px|border|center]] || [[Galician language]], [[ |
|[[Galician people]]<ref name="auto3" /> || [[File:Bandeira galega civil.svg|50px|border|center]] || [[Galician language]], [[زمانی ئیسپانی|Spanish]] |
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|[[ |
|[[زمانە ڕۆمانسییەکان]] ||[[مەسیحییەت]] ([[کڵێسای کاتۆلیک]]) || 2,800,000 || Europe || [[ئیسپانیا]] || [[گالیسیا|Galicia]] || [[Galician nationalism]] and [[Galicianism|Galician Regionalism]]|| See also [[Nationalisms and regionalisms of Spain]]. Historically occupied the [[Kingdom of Galicia]]. |
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|[[Kachin people]] {{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} || [[File:Kachin_Independence_Army_flag.svg|50px|border|center]] || [[Jingpo language|Jingpo]], [[Zaiwa language|Zaiwa]], [[Maru language|Maru]], [[Lashi language|Lashi]], [[Azi language|Azi]] |
|[[Kachin people]] {{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} || [[File:Kachin_Independence_Army_flag.svg|50px|border|center]] || [[Jingpo language|Jingpo]], [[Zaiwa language|Zaiwa]], [[Maru language|Maru]], [[Lashi language|Lashi]], [[Azi language|Azi]] |
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| || [[ |
| || [[بودیزم]], [[مەسیحییەت]], [[گیانکییەتی]] || 2,750,000 (2002)<ref>James B. Minahan, ''Encyclopedia of the Stateless Nations: Ethnic and National Groups Around the World A-Z'' 2002 p.870</ref> || Asia || [[میانمار]] || [[ویلایەتی کاشین]] || [[Kachin Independence Army]], [[Kachin Independence Organisation]], [[Kachin conflict]] || The tribes of [[Kachin Hills]] form the Kachin Nation. |
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|[[Aragonese people]] {{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} || [[File:Flag_of_Aragon.svg|50px|border|center]] || [[Aragonese language]], [[ |
|[[Aragonese people]] {{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} || [[File:Flag_of_Aragon.svg|50px|border|center]] || [[Aragonese language]], [[زمانی ئیسپانی|Spanish]] |
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|[[ |
|[[زمانە ڕۆمانسییەکان]] ||[[مەسیحییەت]] ([[کڵێسای کاتۆلیک]]) || 2,278,000 (Spain only)<ref name="joshuaproject:Aragonese">{{cite web|url=https://joshuaproject.net/people_groups/10397/SP|title=Aragonese in Spain|publisher=joshuaproject.net}}</ref> || Europe || [[ئیسپانیا]] || [[Aragon]] || [[Aragonese nationalism]]|| See also [[Nationalisms and regionalisms of Spain]]. Historically occupied the [[Kingdom of Aragon]]. |
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|[[Meitei people]] {{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} || [[File:In manipur1.gif|50px|border|center]] || [[Meitei language]] |
|[[Meitei people]] {{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} || [[File:In manipur1.gif|50px|border|center]] || [[Meitei language]] |
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| [[ |
| [[زمانەکانی سینۆ-تبیتی]]|| [[ھیندوویزم]] || 2,500,000 || Asia || [[ھیندستان]] || Imphal Valley, [[Manipur]] || [[United National Liberation Front|UNLF]], [[People's Liberation Army of Manipur|PLA]], [[Insurgency in Manipur]], [[Anglo-Manipur War]] || Historically occupied the [[Manipur (princely state)|Kingdom of Manipur]]. |
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|[[Chechen people]] {{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} || [[File:Flag of Chechen Republic of Ichkeria.svg|50px|border|center]] || [[ |
|[[Chechen people]] {{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} || [[File:Flag of Chechen Republic of Ichkeria.svg|50px|border|center]] || [[زمانی چیچانی]], [[زمانی ڕووسی|Russian]] |
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| ||[[ |
| ||[[ئیسلام]] || 2,000,000 || Europe || [[ڕووسیا]] || [[چیچان]] || [[Second Chechen War|Chechen insurgency]], [[Chechen Republic of Ichkeria]] || Regional autonomy in Chechnya. |
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|[[Naga people]] {{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} || [[File:Unofficial flag of Nagaland.svg|50px|border|center]] || Tibeto-Burman dialects / [[Nagamese creole]] |
|[[Naga people]] {{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} || [[File:Unofficial flag of Nagaland.svg|50px|border|center]] || Tibeto-Burman dialects / [[Nagamese creole]] |
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| || [[ |
| || [[مەسیحییەت]] || 2,000,000 || Asia || [[ھیندستان]] || [[Nagaland]] || [[Naga National Council]], [[Insurgency in Northeast India]] || Regional autonomy in Nagaland. |
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|[[Sardinian people]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.eurominority.org/version/maps/map-nations.asp|title=Eurominority – La solidarité avec le peuple palestinien|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060623193842/http://www.eurominority.org/version/maps/map-nations.asp|archive-date=2006-06-23}}</ref><ref>''Encyclopedia of the Stateless Nations'', James Minahan, pg. 1661</ref><ref>{{cite book|author=Mikael Bodlore-Penlaez|title=Atlas of Stateless Nations in Europe : Minority People in Search of Recognition|year=2011|publisher=Y Lolfa Cyf|isbn=978-1847713797|pages=[https://archive.org/details/atlasofstateless0000unse/page/70 70]|url=https://archive.org/details/atlasofstateless0000unse/page/70}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.unionesarda.it/articolo/cronaca/2016/01/11/la_sardegna_nel_club_delle_nazioni_un_capitolo_nella_bibbia_delle-68-456595.html|title=La Sardegna nel club delle nazioni: un capitolo nella Bibbia dell'etnie del mondo – Cronaca – L'Unione Sarda.it|date=11 January 2016|access-date=2 August 2016}}</ref> || [[File:Bandera nacionalista sarda.svg|50px|border|center]] || [[Sardinian language|Sardinian]], [[Corsican language#Corsican in Sardinia|Corso-Sardinian]], [[ |
|[[Sardinian people]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.eurominority.org/version/maps/map-nations.asp|title=Eurominority – La solidarité avec le peuple palestinien|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060623193842/http://www.eurominority.org/version/maps/map-nations.asp|archive-date=2006-06-23}}</ref><ref>''Encyclopedia of the Stateless Nations'', James Minahan, pg. 1661</ref><ref>{{cite book|author=Mikael Bodlore-Penlaez|title=Atlas of Stateless Nations in Europe : Minority People in Search of Recognition|year=2011|publisher=Y Lolfa Cyf|isbn=978-1847713797|pages=[https://archive.org/details/atlasofstateless0000unse/page/70 70]|url=https://archive.org/details/atlasofstateless0000unse/page/70}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.unionesarda.it/articolo/cronaca/2016/01/11/la_sardegna_nel_club_delle_nazioni_un_capitolo_nella_bibbia_delle-68-456595.html|title=La Sardegna nel club delle nazioni: un capitolo nella Bibbia dell'etnie del mondo – Cronaca – L'Unione Sarda.it|date=11 January 2016|access-date=2 August 2016}}</ref> || [[File:Bandera nacionalista sarda.svg|50px|border|center]] || [[Sardinian language|Sardinian]], [[Corsican language#Corsican in Sardinia|Corso-Sardinian]], [[زمانی ئیتالی|Italian]], [[زمانی کەتەلۆنی|Catalan]], [[Ligurian (Romance language)|Ligurian]] |
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|[[ |
|[[زمانە ڕۆمانسییەکان]] || [[مەسیحییەت]] ([[کڵێسای کاتۆلیک]]) || 1,661,521 || Europe || [[ئیتالیا]] || [[سەردینیا]] || [[Sardinian nationalism]] || National [[devolution]], further autonomy or total secession from Italy. |
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|[[Ryukyuan people]] {{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} || || [[Ryukyuan language|Ryukyuan]], [[ |
|[[Ryukyuan people]] {{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} || || [[Ryukyuan language|Ryukyuan]], [[زمانی ژاپۆنی|Japanese]] |
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| || [[ |
| || [[بودیزم]] || 1,600,000<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.kcpwindowonjapan.com/2016/05/the-amazing-ryukyu-culture/|title=The Amazing Ryukyu Culture|date=5 May 2016|publisher=kcpwindowonjapan.com|access-date=2016-05-05}}</ref> || Asia || [[ژاپۆن]] || [[دوورگەکانی ڕیووکیوو]] || [[Ryukyu independence movement]] || Historically occupied the [[Ryukyu Kingdom]]. |
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|[[Frisians]] {{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} || [[File:Flag of Frisia.svg|50px|border|center]] || [[Frisian languages|Frisian]], [[ |
|[[Frisians]] {{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} || [[File:Flag of Frisia.svg|50px|border|center]] || [[Frisian languages|Frisian]], [[زمانی ھۆڵەندی|Dutch]], [[زمانی ئەڵمانی|German]], [[زمانی دانمارکی|Danish]] |
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| ||[[ |
| ||[[مەسیحییەت]] ([[پرۆتێستانت]] and [[کڵێسای کاتۆلیک]]) || 1,500,000 || Europe || [[ھۆڵەندا]], [[دانمارک]], and [[ئەڵمانیا]]||[[Frisia]] || [[Frisian National Party]], [[Groep fan Auwerk]] || The creation of a new Frisian state. Historically occupied the [[Frisian Kingdom]]. |
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|[[Tripuri people]] {{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} || [[File:Unofficial flag of Tripura.png|50px|border|center]] || [[ |
|[[Tripuri people]] {{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} || [[File:Unofficial flag of Tripura.png|50px|border|center]] || [[کۆکبۆرۆک]] |
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| [[ |
| [[زمانەکانی سینۆ-تبیتی]]|| [[ھیندوویزم]] || 1,520,000 (2002)<ref name="auto2">James Minahan, ''Encyclopedia of the Stateless Nations: S-Z'' 2002 p.1915</ref> || Asia || [[ھیندستان]] || [[Tripura]] || [[Tripuri nationalism]], [[All Tripura Tiger Force]], [[National Liberation Front of Tripura]] || Historically occupied the [[Twipra Kingdom]]. 1949, Tripuris had a population of 85% in Tripura, 2002 they make up 29% and became a minority in their own homeland.<ref name="auto2" /> |
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|[[Boro people]] {{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} || [[File:Bandera Bodoland.svg|50px|border|center]] || [[ |
|[[Boro people]] {{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} || [[File:Bandera Bodoland.svg|50px|border|center]] || [[زمانی بۆدۆ|Boro]] |
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| [[ |
| [[زمانەکانی سینۆ-تبیتی]]|| [[ھیندوویزم]] [[Bathouism]] || 1,300,000 || Asia || [[ھیندستان]] || [[Bodoland]] || [[Bodo nationalism]], [[National Democratic Front of Bodoland]] || National [[devolution]] or further autonomy from the India. |
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|[[Tuareg people]] {{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} || [[File:MNLA flag.svg|50px|border|center]] || [[Tuareg language]] |
|[[Tuareg people]] {{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} || [[File:MNLA flag.svg|50px|border|center]] || [[Tuareg language]] |
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| || [[ |
| || [[ئیسلام]] || 1,200,000 || Africa || [[مالی]] and [[نیجەر]] || [[Azawad]] || [[National Movement for the Liberation of Azawad]], [[Tuareg rebellion (2012)]], [[Northern Mali conflict]] || National devolution, further autonomy or total secession from Mali. |
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|[[ |
|[[ماپوچە]] {{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} || [[File:Flag of the Mapuches.svg|50px|border|center]] || [[زمانی ماپوچە]] |
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| || [[ |
| || [[مەسیحییەت]] ([[کڵێسای کاتۆلیک]]) || 1,000,000<ref>Christopher Blomquist, ''A Primary Source Guide to Chile'' 2005 p.15</ref> || America || [[ئەرژەنتین]] and [[چیلی]] || [[Araucanía (historic region)|Wallmapu]] || [[Mapuche conflict]] || |
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|[[Asturian people]] {{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} || [[File:Flag of Asturias.svg|50px|border|center]][[File:Andecha Astur.svg|50px|border|center]] || [[ |
|[[Asturian people]] {{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} || [[File:Flag of Asturias.svg|50px|border|center]][[File:Andecha Astur.svg|50px|border|center]] || [[زمانی ئاستۆریایی]], [[زمانی ئیسپانی|Spanish]] |
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|[[ |
|[[زمانە ڕۆمانسییەکان]] ||[[مەسیحییەت]] ([[کڵێسای کاتۆلیک]]) || 1,925,000 (2020) || Europe || [[ئیسپانیا]] and [[پورتوگال]] || [[ئاستۆریاس]] || [[Asturian nationalism]] || See also [[Nationalisms and regionalisms of Spain]]. |
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|[[Lezgins]] {{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} || [[File:Lezgian flag.svg|50px|border|center]] || [[Lezgin language|Lezgian]] |
|[[Lezgins]] {{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} || [[File:Lezgian flag.svg|50px|border|center]] || [[Lezgin language|Lezgian]] |
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| || [[ |
| || [[ئیسلام]] || 800,000+ || Europe || [[ڕووسیا]], [[ئازەربایجان]] || [[Lezgistan]] || [[Lezgistan#Political concept|Lezgin Nationalism]] || Unification of the Lezgin people in Azerbaijan and [[داغستان]] (Russia). |
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|[[Fur people]] {{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} || [[File:Flag of Darfur.svg|50px|border|center]] || [[Fur language|Fur]], [[ |
|[[Fur people]] {{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} || [[File:Flag of Darfur.svg|50px|border|center]] || [[Fur language|Fur]], [[زمانی عەرەبی|Arabic]] |
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| || [[ |
| || [[ئیسلام]] || 800,000<ref>James Stuart Olson, ''The Peoples of Africa: An Ethnohistorical Dictionary'' 1996 p.183</ref> || Africa || [[سوودان]] || [[دارفوور]] || [[War in Darfur]], [[Sudan Liberation Movement/Army|SLM/A]] || Historically occupied the [[Sultanate of Darfur]]. |
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|[[Māori people]] {{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} || [[File:Tino Rangatiratanga Maori sovereignty movement flag.svg|50px|border|center]] || [[ |
|[[Māori people]] {{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} || [[File:Tino Rangatiratanga Maori sovereignty movement flag.svg|50px|border|center]] || [[زمانی ماوری|Māori]], [[New Zealand English|English]] |
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| || [[ |
| || [[مەسیحییەت]] with native || 750,000 || Oceania || [[نیوزیلاند]]|| [[نیوزیلاند]] || [[Māori protest movement]] || |
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|[[Karakalpaks]] {{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} || [[File:Flag of Karakalpakstan.svg|50px|border|center]] || [[Karakalpak language]] |
|[[Karakalpaks]] {{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} || [[File:Flag of Karakalpakstan.svg|50px|border|center]] || [[Karakalpak language]] |
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| || [[ |
| || [[ئیسلام]] || 620,000 || Asia || [[ئۆزبەکستان]] || [[Karakalpakstan]] || [[Karakalpakstan#Politics|Karakalpak Nationalism]] || Regional autonomy in [[Karakalpakstan]] |
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|[[Native Hawaiians|Hawaiian people]] {{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} || [[File:Kanaka Maoli flag.svg|50px|border|center]] || [[Hawaiian language]] |
|[[Native Hawaiians|Hawaiian people]] {{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} || [[File:Kanaka Maoli flag.svg|50px|border|center]] || [[Hawaiian language]] |
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| || [[ |
| || [[مەسیحییەت]] ([[کڵێسای کاتۆلیک]] and [[پرۆتێستانت]]) with native || 527,000 || Oceania || [[ویلایەتە یەکگرتووەکانی ئەمریکا]] || [[ھاوایی]] || [[Hawaiian sovereignty movement]] || Historically occupied the [[Kingdom of Hawaii]]. |
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|[[Moravians]] {{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} || [[File:Banner_of_arms_of_Moravia.svg|50px|border|center]] || [[ |
|[[Moravians]] {{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} || [[File:Banner_of_arms_of_Moravia.svg|50px|border|center]] || [[زمانی چیکی|Czech]] ([[Moravian dialects|Moravian]]), [[زمانی سلۆڤاکی|Slovak]] |
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| ||Traditionally [[ |
| ||Traditionally [[کڵێسای کاتۆلیک]] presently [[بێدینی]] || 525,000<ref>{{cite web|url=http://vdb.czso.cz/sldbvo/#!stranka=podle-tematu&tu=30715&th=&v=&vo=H4sIAAAAAAAAAFvzloG1uIhBMCuxLFGvtCQzR88jsTjDN7GAlf3WwcNiCReZGZjcGLhy8hNT3BKTS_KLPBk4SzKKUosz8nNSKgrsHRhAgKecA0gKADF3CQNnaLBrUIBjkKNvcSFDHQMDhhqGCqCiYA__cLCiEgZGvxIGdg9_Fz__EMeCEgY2b38XZ89gIIvLxTHEP8wx2NEFJM4ZHOIY5u_t7-MJ1OIP5IdEBkT5OwU5RgH5IUB9fo4ePq4uEPNYw1yDolzhPstJzEvX88wrSU1PLRJ6tGDJ98Z2CyYGRk8G1rLEnNLUiiIGAYQ6v9LcpNSitjVTZbmnPOhmArq34D8QlDDwAG10C_KFWcoe4ugU6uPtWMLA4eni6hcSEAZ0FYe_k3OQmaGJYwUAIQCAbFsBAAA.&vseuzemi=null&void=|title=Census 2011 – final results}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://portal.statistics.sk/files/tab.11.pdf |title=Statistics|website=portal.statistics.sk}}</ref> || Europe || [[کۆماری چیک]] and [[سلۆڤاکیا]] || [[Moravia]] || [[Moravané|Moravians]] || Historically occupied [[Great Moravia]] |
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|[[Ogoni people]] {{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} || [[File:Flag of the Ogoni people.svg|50 px|border|center]] || [[Ogoni language]] |
|[[Ogoni people]] {{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} || [[File:Flag of the Ogoni people.svg|50 px|border|center]] || [[Ogoni language]] |
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| || [[ |
| || [[مەسیحییەت]] with native || 500,000 || Africa || [[نێجیریا]] || [[Ogoniland]] || [[Movement for the Survival of the Ogoni People]] || |
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|[[Crimean Tatars]] {{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} ||[[File:Flag of the Crimean Tatar people.svg|50px|border|centre]]||[[Crimean Tatar language|Crimean Tatar]], [[ |
|[[Crimean Tatars]] {{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} ||[[File:Flag of the Crimean Tatar people.svg|50px|border|centre]]||[[Crimean Tatar language|Crimean Tatar]], [[زمانی ڕووسی|Russian]], [[زمانی ئوکراینی|Ukrainian]] |
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| ||[[ |
| ||[[ئیسلام]]|| 500,000 || Europe ||[[ئوکراینا]]||[[کریمیا]]||[[Mejlis of the Crimean Tatar People]]<br />[[Republic of Crimea#Crimean Tatars|Tatars in Republic of Crimea]]<br />[[Deportation of the Crimean Tatars]]|| Previously an [[Autonomous Republic of Crimea|autonomous republic within Ukraine]], after being [[شەڕی ڕووسیا و ئۆکرانیا|invaded]] and [[2014 Russian annexation of Crimea|annexed by Russia]] in 2014 the Crimean Tatars are currently seeking autonomy<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-ukraine-crisis-crimea-tatars-idUSBREA2S09320140329|title=Crimean Tatars' want autonomy after Russia's seizure of peninsula|work=Reuters|date=29 March 2014}}</ref> |
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|[[Sahrawi people]]<ref>Mariano Aguirre, [http://www.tni.org/archives/act/463 ''Vers la fin du conflit au Sahara occidental, Espoirs de paix en Afrique du Nord Latine''] in: ''Le Monde diplomatique, Novembre 1997''</ref> || [[File:Flag of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic.svg|50px|border|center]] || [[Hassaniya Arabic]] (native), [[ |
|[[Sahrawi people]]<ref>Mariano Aguirre, [http://www.tni.org/archives/act/463 ''Vers la fin du conflit au Sahara occidental, Espoirs de paix en Afrique du Nord Latine''] in: ''Le Monde diplomatique, Novembre 1997''</ref> || [[File:Flag of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic.svg|50px|border|center]] || [[Hassaniya Arabic]] (native), [[زمانی ئەمازیغی]] (native), [[Modern Standard Arabic]] (written only), and [[زمانی ئیسپانی|Spanish]] ([[لینگوا فرانکا]]) |
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| || [[ |
| || [[ئیسلام]] ([[سوننە]] ([[مالیکی]]), [[سۆفییایەتی]]) || 500,000<ref name="unpop">{{cite journal |url=https://www.un.org/esa/population/publications/wpp2008/wpp2008_text_tables.pdf |title=World Population Prospects, Table A.1 |version=2008 revision |publisher=United Nations |author=Department of Economic and Social Affairs Population Division |year=2009 |access-date=12 March 2009}}</ref> || Africa || [[مەغریب]], [[جەزائیر]], [[Mauretania]] ||[[سەحرای ڕۆژاوا]] || [[Western Sahara conflict]], [[Polisario Front]], [[کۆماری دیموکراتیی عەرەبیی سەحرا]] || partially controlled by the self-proclaimed [[کۆماری دیموکراتیی عەرەبیی سەحرا]] and partially Moroccan-[[occupied territory|occupied]] |
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|[[Chams]] {{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} || [[File:Bandera Front Alliberament Cham.svg|50px|border|center]] || [[Cham language]] |
|[[Chams]] {{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} || [[File:Bandera Front Alliberament Cham.svg|50px|border|center]] || [[Cham language]] |
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| || [[ |
| || [[ئیسلام]], [[ھیندوویزم]], [[بودیزم]] || 400,000 || Asia || [[ڤیێتنام]] || [[South Central Coast]] || [[United Front for the Liberation of Oppressed Races]], Cham rights movement<ref>{{cite web|url=https://minorityrights.org/minorities/cham/|title=Cham|website=Minority Rights Group|date=19 June 2015 }}</ref> |
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|Historically occupied the [[Champa|Kingdom of Champa]]. The Cham in Vietnam are only recognized as a minority, and not as an indigenous people by the Vietnamese government despite being indigenous to the region. |
|Historically occupied the [[Champa|Kingdom of Champa]]. The Cham in Vietnam are only recognized as a minority, and not as an indigenous people by the Vietnamese government despite being indigenous to the region. |
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|[[Corsican people]] {{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} ||[[File:Flag_of_Corsica.svg|border|50px|center]]||[[Corsican language|Corsican]], [[ |
|[[Corsican people]] {{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} ||[[File:Flag_of_Corsica.svg|border|50px|center]]||[[Corsican language|Corsican]], [[زمانی فەڕەنسی|French]], [[Ligurian (Romance language)|Ligurian]], [[زمانی ئیتالی|Italian]] |
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|[[ |
|[[زمانە ڕۆمانسییەکان]] ||[[مەسیحییەت]] ([[کڵێسای کاتۆلیک]]|| 322,120 || Europe ||[[فەڕەنسا]]||[[کورسیکا]]||[[Corsica Libera]]||[[Territorial collectivity]] in France. |
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|[[Navajo people|Navajo]] {{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} || [[File:Navajo flag.svg|center|frameless|50x50px]] || [[Navajo language]], [[Navajo language]], [[Navajo Sign Language]] |
|[[Navajo people|Navajo]] {{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} || [[File:Navajo flag.svg|center|frameless|50x50px]] || [[Navajo language]], [[Navajo language]], [[Navajo Sign Language]] |
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| || Navajo Traditional, [[ |
| || Navajo Traditional, [[مەسیحییەت]] (principally [[کڵێسای کاتۆلیک]]) || 300,460 || America || [[ویلایەتە یەکگرتووەکانی ئەمریکا]] || [[Navajo Nation]] || [[Navajo Wars]] || Regional autonomy on the [[Navajo Nation]]. |
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|[[Lakota people]] {{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} || [[File:Pine Ridge Flag.svg|50px|border|center]] || [[Lakota language|Lakota]], [[ |
|[[Lakota people]] {{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} || [[File:Pine Ridge Flag.svg|50px|border|center]] || [[Lakota language|Lakota]], [[ئینگلیزیی ئەمریکی|English]] |
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| || [[ |
| || [[مەسیحییەت]] with native || 170,000<ref>The American Indian and Alaska Native Population: 2010</ref> || America || [[ویلایەتە یەکگرتووەکانی ئەمریکا]] || [[Republic of Lakotah|Lakotah]] || [[Sioux Wars]], [[Lakota Freedom Movement]] || [[Indian reservation|Native American reservation]] politics. |
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|[[Sami people]] {{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} || [[File:Sami flag.svg|50px|border|center]] || [[Sami languages]], [[ |
|[[Sami people]] {{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} || [[File:Sami flag.svg|50px|border|center]] || [[Sami languages]], [[زمانی نەرویژی|Norwegian]], [[زمانی سوێدی|Swedish]], [[زمانی فینلاندی|Finnish]], [[زمانی ڕووسی|Russian]] |
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| || [[ |
| || [[مەسیحییەت]] (principally [[Lutheranism|Lutheran]]), [[گیانکییەتی]]|| Estimated 80,000<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://sweden.se/society/sami-in-sweden/ |title=Sámi in Sweden |last=Sámi people |date=14 December 2015 |website=sweden.se}}</ref> || Europe || [[فینلاند]], [[نەرویژ]], [[ڕووسیا]] and [[سوێد]] || [[Sápmi (area)|Sapmi]] || [[Sámi politics]] || Have their own Parliaments in Norway, Sweden & Finland but Sami groups seek more territorial autonomy. |
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|[[Inuit]] {{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} || || [[Inuit languages]], [[ |
|[[Inuit]] {{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} || || [[Inuit languages]], [[زمانی دانمارکی|Danish]], [[زمانی ئینگلیزی|English]], [[زمانی ڕووسی|Russian]] |
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| ||[[ |
| ||[[مەسیحییەت]] with native || 135,991 || America || [[کەنەدا]], [[ویلایەتە یەکگرتووەکانی ئەمریکا]] and [[دانمارک]] || [[ئالاسکا]], [[باکووری کەنەدا]] and [[گرینلەند]] || [[2008 Greenlandic self-government referendum|Greenland Referendum]] || Semi-autonomous rule in Greenland with autonomy within the Kingdom of Denmark. |
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|[[Yupik peoples]] {{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} || || [[Yupik languages]], [[ |
|[[Yupik peoples]] {{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} || || [[Yupik languages]], [[زمانی ئینگلیزی|English]], [[زمانی ڕووسی|Russian]] |
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| ||[[ |
| ||[[مەسیحییەت]] with native || 35,567 (est.) || Asia and America || [[ڕووسیا]] and the [[ویلایەتە یەکگرتووەکانی ئەمریکا]] || [[سیبیریا]] and [[ئالاسکا]] || [[Calista Corporation]], [[Bristol Bay Native Corporation]] || |
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|[[Pamiris]] {{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} || [[File:Flag of the Pamiris.svg|50px|border|center]] || [[Pamir languages]] |
|[[Pamiris]] {{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} || [[File:Flag of the Pamiris.svg|50px|border|center]] || [[Pamir languages]] |
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| || [[ |
| || [[ئیسلام]] || 135,000<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.demoscope.ru/weekly/2005/0191/analit05.php|title=Итоги переписи населения Таджикистана 2000 года: национальный, возрастной, половой, семейный и образовательный составы|website=www.demoscope.ru|access-date=2018-03-15}}</ref> || Asia || [[تاجیکستان]] || [[Badakhshan]] || Pamiri nationalism, [[Lali Badakhshan|Lali Badakhshan party]], [[Tajikistani Civil War]] || Regional autonomy in [[Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Region]] |
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|[[Faroese people]] {{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} || [[File:Flag of the Faroe Islands.svg|50px|border|center]] || [[Faroese language]], [[ |
|[[Faroese people]] {{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} || [[File:Flag of the Faroe Islands.svg|50px|border|center]] || [[Faroese language]], [[زمانی دانمارکی|Danish]] |
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| ||[[ |
| ||[[مەسیحییەت]] (principally [[Lutheranism|Lutheran]]) || 66,000 || Europe || [[دانمارک]] || [[دوورگەکانی فارۆ]] || [[Faroese independence movement]] || Regional autonomy in Faroe Islands. |
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|[[Lusatian Sorbs|Sorbs]] {{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} || [[File:Flag of Sorbs.svg|50px|border|center]] || [[Sorbian languages|Sorbian language]], [[ |
|[[Lusatian Sorbs|Sorbs]] {{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} || [[File:Flag of Sorbs.svg|50px|border|center]] || [[Sorbian languages|Sorbian language]], [[زمانی ئەڵمانی|German]] |
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| ||[[مەسیحییەت]] ([[کڵێسای کاتۆلیک]]) || 60,000–70,000 (est.) || Europe || [[ئەڵمانیا]] || [[Lusatia]] || [[Domowina]] || Divided into [[Upper Sorbian language|Upper Sorbs]] and [[Lower Sorbian language|Lower Sorbs]]. |
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وەک پێداچوونەوەی ٠٩:٣٣، ١ی ئازاری ٢٠٢٣
نەتەوەی بێ دەوڵەت ئاماژەیە بۆ گرووپێکی ئەتنیکی یان نەتەوەیەک کە خاوەنی وڵاتی تایبەتی خۆی نییە و لە هیچ وڵاتێکیشدا زۆرینەی ئاپوورەی ئەو وڵاتە پێک ناهێنێت. دەستەواژەی بێ دەوڵەت پیشاندەری ئەوەیە کە ئەو گرووپە "پێویستە وەها وڵاتێکیان هەبێت". ئەندامانی نەتەوە بێ دەوڵەتەکان ڕەنگە شارومەندی ئەو وڵاتەی بن کە تیایدا دەژین و هەروەها ڕەنگە لە لایەن حکومەتی ئەو وڵاتەوە مافی شارومەندییان لێ زەوت بکرێ. زۆرینەی نەتەوە بێ دەوڵەتەکان لە وەرزشە نێودەوڵەتییەکان و یان ڕێکخراوە نێودەوڵەتییەکاندا وەک ڕێکخراوەی نەتەوە یەکگرتووەکان هیچ نوێنەرێکیان نییە. نەتەوە بێ دەوڵەتەکان وەک وڵاتانی جیهانی چوارەم پۆلێنبەندییان بۆ کراوە. هەندێ لە نەتەوە بێ دەوڵەتەکان لە درێژەی مێژوودا سەردەمێک حکومەتیان هەبووە و هەندێکی دیکەش هەمیشە لە لایەن وڵاتاتان و نەتەوەکانی دیکەوە داگیر کراون و حکومەتی خۆیانیان نەبووە.
ئەم دەستەواژەیە ساڵی 1983 و لەلایەن زانایەکی زانستە سیاسییەکان بە ناوی ژاکووئێز لیروێز داهێنراوە و یەکەم جار لە کتێبی L'Écosse, une nation sans État لەسەر هەلومەرجی سەیر و سەمەرەی سکۆتلەند لە حکومەتی بەریتانیا، ئاماژەی پێدراوە. دواتر لە لایەن زانا سکۆتلەندییەکان وەک داڤید مەککرۆن، میشائیل کیتینگ و تی ئێم دیڤاین، قبووڵ کرا و لە نووسیندا بوو بە باو.
نەتەوە بێ دەوڵەتەکان یان بە چەند وڵاتدا بڵاو بوونەتەوە (بۆ نموونە خەڵکی یاکسانگ لیمبۆ کە دەکەونە ڕۆژهەڵاتی نیپال، سیکیم و دارجیلینگی هیندستان و باکووری ڕۆژئاوای بەنگلادێش کە هەموویان بەشێکن لە نەتەوەی یاکسانگ لیمبۆ؛ و خەڵکی یۆروبا کە دەکەونە وڵاتانی ئەفریقی نێجریا، بێنین و توگۆ) و یان بەشێکن لە ئاپوورەی وڵاتێک یان پارێزگایەک کە دەکەوێتە ژێر دەسەڵاتی حکومەتێکی گەورەتر (وەکوو ئۆیغوورەکانی چین کە نیشتەجێی ناوچەی خودموختاری شینجیانگی ئۆیغوورن). هەندێ لە نەتەوە بێ دەوڵەتەکان لە ڕابردوودا وڵاتێکی سەربەخۆیان هەبووە و دواتر لە لایەن حکومەت یان وڵاتێکی دیکەوە داگیر کراون؛ بۆ نموونە ڕاگەیاندنی سەربەخۆیی تبت لە ساڵی 1913ەدا بە فەرمی قبووڵ نەکرا و ساڵی 1951 جارێکی دیکە کۆماری چین ئەو ناوچەیەی داگیر کردەوە و داوای ئەوە دەکات کە تبت بەشێکی جودانەکراوە و حاشاهەڵنەگرە لە وڵاتی چین، لەحاڵێکدا کە حکومەتی تبت لە تاراوگە لەسەر ئەو باوەڕەیە کە تبت وڵاتێکی سەربەخۆیە و ئێستا بە شێوەی نایاسایی داگیر کراوە. [١] [٢] کۆمەڵێک لە گرووپە ئەتنیکییەکان سەردەمێک بێ دەوڵەت بوونە و دواتر بوونەتە دەوڵەت (بۆ نموونە نەتەوەکانی بالکان وەک کرۆڤاتەکان، سیربەکان، بۆسنیاییەکان، سلۆڤێنیەکان، مۆنتەنەگرۆییەکان و مەقدوونییەکان سەردەمێک هەموویان بەشێک بوون لە وڵاتی فرەنەتەوەی یۆگۆسلاڤیا؛ پاش دابەشبوونی یۆگۆسلاڤیا ژمارەیەکی زۆر دەوڵەت-نەتەوەی نوێ دامەزران).
نەتەوە بێ دەوڵەتەکان ڕەنگە ئاپوورەیەکی ئێجگار زۆر و گەورەیان هەبێ، بۆ نموونە کوردەکان کە ئاپوورەیان بۆ پتر لە 30 ملیۆن کەس مەزندە دەکرێ و وەک گەورەترین نەتەوەی بێ دەوڵەت پێناسە دەکرێن. [٣] چەندین نەتەوەی بێ دەوڵەت دەتوانن لە یەک ناوچەی جوگرافیایی یان یەک وڵاتدا بژین؛ بۆ نموونە تواریگ، تۆبۆ، ڕفیانز و کابیلە لە باکووری ئەفریقا؛ چاین، کاچاین، کارێن، مۆن، ڕەخینە، ڕۆهینگیا و شان لە میانمار؛ یان گالیکیانز، کانتابریانز، ئەستوریانز، ئارگۆنیز، باسکی، کەتەلانز، ڤالنسیەنز و ئەندەلۆسیەنز لە ئیسپانیا. [٤]
نەتەوە-دەوڵەتەکان و نەتەوە بێ دەوڵەتەکان
پێوەندیی پێکەوەژیانی نێوان نەتەوەکان و دەوڵەتەکان سەرەتای ئەورووپای ڕۆژئاوای مودێڕن سەری هەڵدا (سەدەی هەژدەیەم) و دواتر لە ڕێگای داگیرکارییەوە (ئیستیعمار) هەناردەی وڵاتانی دیکەی جیهان کرا. لە حاڵێکدا دەوڵەت-نەتەوەکانی ئەورووپای ڕۆژئاوا ئەوڕۆ خەریکن کۆمەڵێک لە دەسەڵاتەکانیان ڕادەستی یەکێتی ئەورووپا دەکەن، زۆرێک لە وڵاتە داگیرکراوەکانی پێشوو ئێستا پێداگرانە داکۆکی لە چەمکی نەتەوە-دەوڵەت دەکەن. بەم حاڵەشەوە، هەموو خەڵکی وڵاتانی فرەکەلتوور زانیاری تەواویان لەسەر بوونی نەتەوەی بێ دەوڵەت نییە. هەروەها هەموو دەوڵەتەکان دەوڵەتی نەتەوەیی نین، گرووپی ئەتنیکی جۆراوجۆر بوونیان هەیە کە لە وڵاتانی فرە نەتەوەدا دەژین و حەسێبی نەتەوەی بێ دەوڵەتیشیان بۆ ناکرێ.
تەنیا بەشێکی چکۆلەی گرووپە نەتەوەییەکانی جیهان پێوەندییان بە دەوڵەت-نەتەوەوە هەیە. میناهان ئەو ڕێژەیەی سەتا 3 خەمڵاندووە. پاشماوەیان دابەش کراونەتە سەر یەک یان چەند دەوڵەت. ئەگەرچی لە جیهاندا زیاتر لە 3000 نەتەوە بوونی هەیە، ساڵی 2011 تەنیا 193 وڵات ئەندامی نەتەوە یەکگرتووەکان بوون و کەمتر لە 20ی ئەم وڵاتانەش لە بواری ئەتنیکییەوە وەک دەوڵەت-نەتەوەی یەکدەست هەژمار دەکرێن. بۆیە دەوڵەت-نەتەوەکان ئەوەندەش کە بیر دەکەینەوە زۆر و باو نین، و نەتەوە بێ دەوڵەتەکان زۆرینەی نەتەوەکانی جیهان دەگرنەوە.
ئەنجام و شوێنهاتەکانی کۆلۆنیالیزم و ئەمپریالیزم
لە سەردەمی ئەمپراتۆرییەتەکان و داگیرکاریدا، نەتەوە بەهێز و دەسەڵاتدارەکان، دەسەڵات و کۆنترۆڵی خۆیانیان بۆ دەرەوەی جوگرافیای خۆیان گواستەوە و زۆرێک لە وڵاتە کۆلۆنیزەکراو یان داگیرکراوەکان چیدی خۆبەڕێوەبەرییان نەمێنێ و وەک نەتەوەی بێ دەوڵەت ئاماژەیان پێ بدرێ. زۆر نەتەوە بوونە قوربانی و نیشتمان و جوگرافیایان لەنێوان چەند وڵاتدا دابەش کرا. تەنانەت ئەوڕۆیش سنوورەکانی سەردەمی داگیرکاری سنوورە نەتەوەییەکان پێک دێنن و ئەمەش زۆر جار لە سنوورە کەلتوورییەکان جودایە. ئەنجامی ئەمەش بۆتە ئەوەیکە لە هەندێ شوین خەڵکێک کە یەک زمانیان هەیە دابەش ببن لە چەند وڵاتدا، بۆ نموونە گینەی نوێ دابەش دەبێتە پاپوای ڕۆژهەڵات (کۆلۆنی پێشووی هۆڵەندا) و پاپوا گینەی نوێ (کۆلۆنی پێشووی بەریتانیا). [٥]
ناسیۆنالیزم و نەتەوە بێ دەوڵەتەکان
خەڵکێک کە ڕەچەڵەک و ڕیشە، مێژوو، زمان، کەلتوور، دابونەریت یان ئایینی هاوبەشیان هەیە لە ڕێگای هۆشیاری و بەئاگاهاتنەوەیەکی نەتەوەییەوە دەتوانن ببنە نەتەوەیەک. نەتەوەیەک ئەتوانێ بەبێ دەوڵەت بوونی هەبێ هەر بەو چەشنەی نەتەوە بێ دەوڵەتەکان نموونەی ئەم دیاردەیەن. شارومەندی هەمیشە پیشاندەری نەتەوەی تاکێک نییە. لە وڵاتانی فرەنەتەوەدا، شوناس و نەتەوەی جۆراوجۆر دەتوانن پێکەوە بژین یان ڕکابەریی یەک بکەن؛ بۆ نموونە لە ناسیۆنالیزمی ئینگلیزیی بەریتانیادا، ناسیۆنالیزمی سکۆتلەندی و ناسیۆنالیزمی وێڵزی بوونیان هەیە و ناسیۆنالیزمی بریتانی ڕایگرتوون.
یەکڕیزی لە بەرامبەر جوداییخوازیدا
داواکانی نەتەوە بێ دەوڵەتەکان و گرووپە ئەتنیکە خودموختارەکان
لە درێژەدا لیستێک لە گرووپە ئەتنیکی و نەتەوەییەکان دەبینن کە بەپێی وتارە سەربەخۆکانی ویکی پێدیا بزووتنەوە و خەباتی سەربەخۆییخوازانەی بەرچاویان تێدا هەبووە.
نەتەوە بێ دەوڵەتەکانی پێشوو
هەندێ لە نەتەوە بێ دەوڵەتەکان سەربەخۆیی خۆیانیان بەدەستهێناوە. بۆ نموونە یۆنانییەکان پێش شەڕی سەربەخۆیی یۆنان، و خەڵکی ئایڕلەند پێش شەڕی سەربەخۆیی ئیڕلەند و بەنگالییەکان پێش شەڕی ئازادیی بەنگلادیش.
تا پێش ڕاگەیاندرانی سەربەخۆیی ئیسرائیل، جوولەکەکانیش وەک نەتەوەی بێ دەوڵەت ئاماژەیان بۆ دەکرا، ئەگەرچی کۆمەڵێکیش لەسەر ئەو باوەڕەن کە گرووپە جۆراوجۆرەکانی جوولەکەکان تایبەتمەندیی زۆر جیاوازیان هەیە وەک جیاوازبوونی زمان، کەلتوور، هەرێم و ئەمەش گومان و پرسیار دەخاتە سەر ئەوەیکە جوولەکەکان نەتەوەیەکی یەکدەست و یەکڕیز بن.
لە درێژەی ڕووخان و دابەشبوونی یەکێتی سۆڤیەت و ڕووخان و دابەشبوونی یۆگۆسلاڤیا چەندین گرووپی ئەتنیکی وڵاتی سەربەخۆی خۆیانیان پێکهێنا.
Claims of stateless nations and ethnic groups with autonomous status
داڕێژە:Original research section
کێشە لەسەر بێلایەنبوونی ئەم بەشە ھەیە. وادیارە ئەم بەشە بە شێوەیەکی لایەنگرانە نووسراوەتەوە. (فێربە کەی و چۆن ئەم داڕێژەیە لابەریت) |
The following is a list of ethnic and national groups where there exist notable independence movements as evidenced by standalone Wikipedia articles.
States made bold under the "homeland" column are countries of the respective ethnic groups which are native to them and still host the majority (more than half) of their population.
ئەمانەش ببینن
یاداشتەکان
سەرچاوەکان
سەرچاوەکان
بەستەرە دەرەکییەکان
- ^ Clark, Gregory, In fear of China, 1969, saying: "Tibet, although enjoying independence at certain periods of its history, had never been recognised by any single foreign power as an independent state. The closest it has ever come to such recognition was the British formula of 1943: suzerainty, combined with autonomy and the right to enter into diplomatic relations."
- ^ "The Legal Status of Tibet". Cultural Survival.
- ^ https://www.trtworld.com/magazine/who-are-the-kurds--17915
- ^ Encyclopedia of Stateless Nations: Ethnic and National Groups around the World, 2nd Edition: Ethnic and National Groups around the World, pp. 59–60, 79–80, 366–367
- ^ Richard Devetak, Christopher W. Hughes, Routledge, 2007-12-18, The Globalization of Political Violence: Globalization's Shadow
- ^ ئ ا Quam, Joel; Campbell, Scott (2020-08-31), "Political Geography", The Western World: Daily Readings on Geography (بە ئینگلیزی), College of DuPage Digital Press, retrieved 2021-08-10
- ^ "Kurd | History, Culture, & Language". Encyclopedia Britannica (بە ئینگلیزی). Retrieved 2021-07-21.
- ^ "Road fatalities". dx.doi.org. doi:10.1787/862382573233. Retrieved 2021-10-12.
- ^ Kirişci, Kemal; Winrow, Gareth (1997), The Kurdish Question and Turkey: An Example of a Trans-state Ethnic Conflict, Rootledge
- ^ "Benue-Congo languages". Encyclopedia Britannica.
- ^ John A. Shoup III, Ethnic Groups of Africa and the Middle East: An Encyclopedia 2011 p.237
- ^ Gow, G. (1 September 2004). "Translocations of Affirmation: Mediascapes and Cultural Flows among the Stateless Oromo". International Journal of Cultural Studies. SAGE Publications Ltd. 7 (3): 301–319. doi:10.1177/1367877904046304. ISSN 1367-8779. S2CID 145547845.
- ^ James Minahan, Encyclopedia of Stateless Nations: Ethnic and National Groups around the World, 2nd Edition: Ethnic and National Groups around the World 2016 p.178
- ^ Mikael Parkvall, "Världens 100 största språk 2007" (The World's 100 Largest Languages in 2007), in Nationalencyklopedin
- ^ The United Liberation Front of Asom (ULFA), the vanguard of national liberation struggle in Assam, was formed on 7th April 1979 to bear the historic responsibility of spearheading the armed democratic struggle with the ultimate aim of establishing an independent socialist sovereign Assam.
- ^ "About Uyghurs | Uyghur American Association". uyghuramerican.org.
- ^ Payind; McClimans, Alam and Melinda (2016), "Nation States and Stateless Nations", Keys to Understanding the Middle East (بە ئینگلیزی), The Ohio State University, retrieved 2021-08-10
- ^ "State of Palestine Population (2021) - Worldometer". www.worldometers.info (بە ئینگلیزی). Retrieved 2021-08-23.
- ^ Abbas Shiblak. "Stateless Palestinians" (PDF). FMR.
- ^ Syed Farooq Hasnat, Pakistan 2011 p.82
- ^ "The Kabyle People". Retrieved 2 August 2016.
- ^ "Iran". Ethnologue. Retrieved 28 December 2018.
- ^ James B. Minahan, Encyclopedia of Stateless Nations: Ethnic and National Groups around the World, 2nd Edition: Ethnic and National Groups around the World 2016 p.13
- ^ Duany 2008, p. 8: Public and academic debates about whether Puerto Rico has its own national identity have always been fraught with strong political repercussions because of the Island's colonial relations, first with Spain and now with the United States. For decades, the main conceptual and political paradox in the construction of cultural identities in Puerto Rico has been the growing popularity of cultural nationalism, together with the weakness of the local movement to establish a separate nation-state. Culturally speaking, Puerto Rico now meets most of the objective and subjective characteristics of conventional views of the nation, among them a shared language, territory, and history. The Island also possesses many of the symbolic attributes of a nation, such as a national system of universities, museums, and other cultural institutions; a national tradition in literature and the visual arts; and even a national representation in international sports and beauty contests. Most important, the vast majority of Puerto Ricans imagine themselves as distinct from Americans as well as from other Latin American and Caribbean peoples (Morris 1997).
- ^ Keating, Michael (2001), Nations Against the State: The New Politics of Nationalism in Quebec, Catalonia and Scotland (Second ed.), Palgrave
- ^ ئ ا ب پ ت Fiend, Julius (2012), Stateless Nations: Western European Regional Nationalisms and the Old Nations, Palgrave
- ^ James Minahan, Encyclopedia of the Stateless Nations: Ethnic and National Groups Around the World A-Z 2002 p.402
- ^ ئ ا Keating, Michael (2001), Nations Against the State: The New Politics of Nationalism in Quebec, Catalonia and Scotland (Second ed.), Palgrave
- ^ Richmond, Walter (9 April 2013). The Circassian Genocide. Rutgers University Press. ISBN 978-0-8135-6069-4.
- ^ James B. Minahan, Encyclopedia of Stateless Nations 2nd Edition: Ethnic and National Groups around the World 2016 p.422
- ^ James B. Minahan, Encyclopedia of the Stateless Nations: D-K 2002 p.677
- ^ James B. Minahan, Encyclopedia of Stateless Nations 2nd Edition: Ethnic and National Groups around the World 2016 p.352
- ^ "Interactivo: Creencias y prácticas religiosas en España". La Vanguardia. 2 April 2015. Retrieved 28 December 2018.
- ^ Jeffrey Cole, Ethnic Groups of Europe: An Encyclopedia 2011 p.235
- ^ James Minahan, Encyclopedia of the Stateless Nations: Ethnic and National Groups Around the World A-Z 2002 p.1714
- ^ Aris Ananta, Evi Nurvidya Arifin, International Migration in Southeast Asia, Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, 2004, p.267
- ^ "UNPO: Assyria".
- ^ "UNPO: Assyria". Retrieved 2 August 2016.
- ^ Jeffrey Cole, Ethnic Groups of Europe: An Encyclopedia 2011 p.38
- ^ Larry Clark. Turkmen Reference Grammar. Otto Harrassowitz Verlag, 1998; p. 11. ISBN 9783447040198
- ^ James B. Minahan, Encyclopedia of the Stateless Nations: Ethnic and National Groups Around the World A-Z 2002 p.870
- ^ "Aragonese in Spain". joshuaproject.net.
- ^ "Eurominority – La solidarité avec le peuple palestinien". Archived from the original on 2006-06-23.
- ^ Encyclopedia of the Stateless Nations, James Minahan, pg. 1661
- ^ Mikael Bodlore-Penlaez (2011). Atlas of Stateless Nations in Europe : Minority People in Search of Recognition. Y Lolfa Cyf. pp. 70. ISBN 978-1847713797.
- ^ "La Sardegna nel club delle nazioni: un capitolo nella Bibbia dell'etnie del mondo – Cronaca – L'Unione Sarda.it". 11 January 2016. Retrieved 2 August 2016.
- ^ "The Amazing Ryukyu Culture". kcpwindowonjapan.com. 5 May 2016. Retrieved 2016-05-05.
- ^ ئ ا James Minahan, Encyclopedia of the Stateless Nations: S-Z 2002 p.1915
- ^ Christopher Blomquist, A Primary Source Guide to Chile 2005 p.15
- ^ James Stuart Olson, The Peoples of Africa: An Ethnohistorical Dictionary 1996 p.183
- ^ "Census 2011 – final results".
- ^ "Statistics" (PDF). portal.statistics.sk.
- ^ "Crimean Tatars' want autonomy after Russia's seizure of peninsula". Reuters. 29 March 2014.
- ^ Mariano Aguirre, Vers la fin du conflit au Sahara occidental, Espoirs de paix en Afrique du Nord Latine in: Le Monde diplomatique, Novembre 1997
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(help) - ^ "Cham". Minority Rights Group. 19 June 2015.
- ^ The American Indian and Alaska Native Population: 2010
- ^ Sámi people (14 December 2015). "Sámi in Sweden". sweden.se.
- ^ "Итоги переписи населения Таджикистана 2000 года: национальный, возрастной, половой, семейный и образовательный составы". www.demoscope.ru. Retrieved 2018-03-15.
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